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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Particle Agglutination Method for Poliovirus Identification
Published on: April 20, 2011
Serodiagnosis of primary infections with human parvovirus 4, Finland
Anne Lahtinen1, Pia Kivelä, Lea Hedman
1Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Emerging Infectious Diseases
|January 4, 2011
Abstract:
To determine the prevalence of parvovirus 4 infection and its clinical and sociodemographic correlations in Finland, we used virus-like particle-based serodiagnostic procedures (immunoglobulin [Ig] G, IgM, and IgG avidity) and PCR. We found 2 persons with parvovirus 4 primary infection who had mild or asymptomatic clinical features among hepatitis C virus-infected injection drug users.

