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Related Concept Videos

Infertility in Females01:28

Infertility in Females

Female infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse and affects about 10–15% of couples worldwide. The primary cause of female infertility is ovulatory disorders, which hinder the release of eggs. These disorders can be classified as hypothalamic amenorrhea, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), premature ovarian failure, and hyperprolactinemic anovulation disorders.
Endometriosis, a condition characterized by abnormal growth of endometrial...
Infertility in Males01:23

Infertility in Males

Male infertility affects millions of couples worldwide, arising from various factors that impact different stages of the reproductive process. An endocrine imbalance resulting from conditions like hypogonadism, Klinefelter syndrome, or pituitary disorders can disrupt hormone levels and reduce sperm production. Testicular defects, such as tumors, cryptorchidism, atrophic testes, abnormal sperm morphology, and low sperm count or motility, may arise due to genetic factors, structural...
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
Meiosis II01:57

Meiosis II

Meiosis II is the second and final stage of meiosis. It relies on the haploid cells produced during meiosis I, each of which contain only 23 chromosomes—one from each homologous initial pair. Importantly, each chromosome in these cells is composed of two joined copies, and when these cells enter meiosis II, the goal is to separate such sister chromatids using the same microtubule-based network employed in other division processes. The result of meiosis II is two haploid cells, each containing...
Birth Control Methods01:22

Birth Control Methods

Vasectomy is a surgical form of male sterilization that involves severing and sealing the vasa deferentia, preventing sperm from mixing with semen during ejaculation. Because a vasectomy does not impact the testes' ability to produce testosterone, hormone levels, libido, and sexual function generally remain unchanged. While vasectomy is highly effective in preventing pregnancy, with a success rate near 99.85%, rare cases of recanalization (spontaneous reconnection) can occur. Although vasectomy...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

Fertility preservation.

Jani R Jensen1, Dean E Morbeck, Charles C Coddington

  • 1Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. jensen.jani@mayo.edu

Mayo Clinic Proceedings
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cancer treatments can impact fertility in young adults. Fertility preservation offers options like gamete storage for patients facing cancer, aiming to protect future reproductive ability.

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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
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Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

Published on: March 25, 2021

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Cancer affects approximately 10% of individuals under 45.
  • Cancer treatments, while lifesaving, can lead to permanent infertility.
  • The American Society of Clinical Oncology recommends discussing fertility preservation with patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the emerging field of fertility preservation for cancer patients.
  • To identify strategies for protecting reproductive capacity in young adults undergoing cancer treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A MEDLINE search was conducted from 1950 to June 2010.
  • Keywords included infertility, fertility preservation, cryopreservation, and cancer in adolescents and children.
  • English-language studies published before June 2010 were included.

Main Results:

  • Fertility preservation offers various strategies, including gamete and tissue storage.
  • These methods aim to enable future offspring creation for cancer survivors.
  • The field is emerging, with ongoing questions regarding its role and efficacy.

Conclusions:

  • Fertility preservation is crucial for reproductive-age cancer patients.
  • Discussing and offering fertility preservation options is a key recommendation.
  • Further research is needed to fully understand the scope of fertility preservation.