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Related Concept Videos

Types of Radioactivity03:23

Types of Radioactivity

The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating02:48

Radioactive Decay and Radiometric Dating

Radioactivity is a spontaneous disintegration of an unstable nuclide and is a random process, as all the nuclei in the sample do not decay simultaneously. The number of disintegrations per unit time is called the activity (A), which is directly proportional to the number of nuclei in the sample. The decay constant (λ) is an average probability of decay per nucleus in unit time.
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Positron Emission Tomography01:29

Positron Emission Tomography

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique involving radiopharmaceuticals — substances that emit short-lived radiation. Although the first PET scanner was introduced in 1961, it took 15 more years before radiopharmaceuticals were combined with the technique and revolutionized its potential.
One of the main requirements of a PET scan is a positron-emitting radioisotope, which is produced in a cyclotron and then attached to a substance used by the part of the body being...
Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan01:30

Radiological Investigation II: MRI and Ventilation Perfusion Scan

Description
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Ventilation Perfusion Scans are two radiological investigations that offer detailed diagnostic images of the body, particularly lung structures.
MRI
MRI uses magnetic fields and radiofrequency signals to distinguish between normal and abnormal tissues. This technology provides a more detailed diagnostic image than CT scans, enabling it to characterize pulmonary nodules, stage bronchogenic carcinoma, and evaluate inflammatory activity in...
Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
A Pulmonary Angiogram is an invasive procedure involving injecting a contrast medium through a catheter threaded into the pulmonary artery or the right side of the heart to visualize the pulmonary vasculature. Computed Tomography (CT) scans have mainly replaced this...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 29, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

Published on: April 12, 2017

Radon.

Randall J Bissett1, John R McLaughlin

  • 1Northeastern Ontario Regional Cancer Centre, Sudbury, Ontario.

Chronic Diseases in Canada
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Radon, a radioactive gas, is linked to an increased risk of lung cancer, especially in occupational settings like uranium mining. Residential radon exposure shows a weak but positive association with lung cancer risk, impacting the general population.

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Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
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Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera
06:28

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

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Last Updated: May 29, 2026

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer
07:52

A Novel Technique for Raman Analysis of Highly Radioactive Samples Using Any Standard Micro-Raman Spectrometer

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Quantification of three DNA Lesions by Mass Spectrometry and Assessment of Their Levels in Tissues of Mice Exposed to Ambient Fine Particulate Matter
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06:28

Visualization of Low-Level Gamma Radiation Sources Using a Low-Cost, High-Sensitivity, Omnidirectional Compton Camera

Published on: January 30, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Radiological Protection
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas emanating from uranium-bearing soil and rock.
  • Human exposure to radon occurs through inhalation, particularly in poorly ventilated indoor environments.
  • Radon exposure is a known risk factor for lung cancer.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the evidence linking radon exposure to lung cancer.
  • To highlight the significance of residential radon exposure due to its ubiquity.
  • To inform about potential mitigation strategies for indoor radon.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological studies on radon exposure and lung cancer.
  • Analysis of pooled data from occupational and residential settings.
  • Assessment of the public health impact of widespread radon exposure.

Main Results:

  • Consistent evidence shows an elevated lung cancer risk in occupational radon exposure, notably in uranium mining.
  • Pooled analyses indicate a weak but positive association between residential radon exposure and lung cancer risk.
  • Despite lower concentrations, ubiquitous residential radon exposure poses a greater public health concern due to the large exposed population.

Conclusions:

  • Radon exposure is a significant risk factor for lung cancer.
  • Reducing residential radon levels is crucial for public health.
  • Effective mitigation techniques are available for homeowners.