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Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids01:28

Biosynthesis of Nucleic Acids

Nucleic acid biosynthesis is a fundamental biochemical process that produces the purine and pyrimidine nucleotides essential for DNA and RNA synthesis. This pathway maintains a balanced nucleotide pool, preventing imbalances that could jeopardize genetic integrity and cellular function. Given the crucial role of nucleotides, their synthesis is tightly regulated to ensure proper cellular homeostasis.Purine BiosynthesisThe biosynthesis of purine nucleotides begins with ribose-5-phosphate, a...
Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines01:25

Basicity of Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines

Heterocyclic amines, where the N atom is a part of an alicyclic system, are similar in basicity to alkylamines. Interestingly, the heterocyclic amine having a nitrogen atom as part of an aromatic ring has much less basicity than its corresponding alicyclic counterpart. For this reason, as presented in Figure 1, piperidine (pKb = 2.8) is significantly more basic than pyridine (pKb = 8.8).
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors01:22

Antiviral Nucleoside Inhibitors

Antiviral Nucleoside InhibitorsAntiviral nucleoside inhibitors are structural analogs of natural nucleosides that interfere with viral DNA or RNA synthesis. These compounds selectively target viral polymerases due to their resemblance to host nucleosides, thereby disrupting viral genome replication.Mechanism of Acyclovir ActionAcyclovir is a guanosine analog with a three-carbon acyclic side chain. It selectively targets herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2),...
Allosteric Proteins-ATCase01:19

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Binding sites linkages can regulate a protein's function.  For example, enzyme activity is often regulated through a feedback mechanism where the end product of the biochemical process serves as an inhibitor.
Aspartate transcarbamoylase (ATCase) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the condensation of L-aspartate and carbamoyl phosphate to  N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate. This reaction is the first step in pyrimidine biosynthesis. UTP and CTP, the end products of the pyrimidine synthesis pathway,...
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Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Preparation of Enantiopure Non-Activated Aziridines and Synthesis of Biemamide B, D, and epiallo-Isomuscarine
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Published on: June 13, 2022

Pyrimidine-2-carboxamide.

Bing-Yu Zhang1, Qian Yang, Jing-Jing Nie

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Crystallographic analysis of 2-cyano-pyrimidine reveals its amide group is twisted by 24.9°. The crystal structure exhibits π-π stacking and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds forming helical chains.

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • 2-cyano-pyrimidine is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound.
  • Understanding the crystal structure of organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties and reactivity.
  • Recrystallization is a common purification technique used in organic synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of 2-cyano-pyrimidine.
  • To investigate the intermolecular interactions and packing arrangements in the solid state.
  • To characterize the conformation of the amide group relative to the aromatic ring.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
  • The compound was synthesized and purified via recrystallization from aqueous sodium hydroxide.

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Regioselective O-Glycosylation of Nucleosides via the Temporary 2',3'-Diol Protection by a Boronic Ester for the Synthesis of Disaccharide Nucleosides

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  • Structural analysis involved examining bond lengths, bond angles, and non-covalent interactions.

    • Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(5)H(5)N(3)O was determined.
    • The amide group exhibits a significant twist of 24.9° with respect to the pyrimidine ring.
    • π-π stacking interactions were observed between adjacent pyrimidine rings at a distance of 3.439 Å.
    • Intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form both centrosymmetric pairs and helical chains.

    Conclusions:

    • The detailed crystal structure of 2-cyano-pyrimidine provides insights into its solid-state behavior.
    • The observed conformation and intermolecular interactions influence the material properties.
    • The hydrogen bonding patterns contribute to the formation of extended supramolecular architectures.