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Related Concept Videos

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties01:22

EDTA: Chemistry and Properties

Polydentate ligands are most widely used in complexometric titrations because they form more stable complexes with the metal ions than mono- or bidentate ligands due to the chelate effect. Examples of polydentate ligands are ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), crown ethers, and cryptands. The most important feature of optimal polydentate ligands is the ability to form 1:1 complexes in a single-step process. Amino carboxylic acid derivatives are frequently used as complexing agents. EDTA is...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene01:22

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Sulfonation of Benzene

Sulfonation of benzene is a reaction wherein benzene is treated with fuming sulfuric acid at room temperature to produce benzenesulfonic acid. Fuming sulfuric acid is a mixture of sulfur trioxide and concentrated sulfuric acid.
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II03:35

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals II

sp3d and sp3d 2 Hybridization
Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I03:24

Hybridization of Atomic Orbitals I

The mathematical expression known as the wave function, ψ, contains information about each orbital and the wavelike properties of electrons in an isolated atom. When atoms are bound together in a molecule, the wave functions combine to produce new mathematical descriptions that have different shapes. This process of combining the wave functions for atomic orbitals is called hybridization and is mathematically accomplished by the linear combination of atomic orbitals. The new orbitals that...
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.
Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Synthesis of Triazole and Tetrazole-Functionalized Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks Through Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
04:51

Synthesis of Triazole and Tetrazole-Functionalized Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks Through Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange

Published on: June 23, 2023

Diammonium biphenyl-4,4'-disulfonate.

Graham Smith, Urs D Wermuth, Peter C Healy

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers describe a novel 3D framework salt, 2NH(4)(+)·C(12)H(8)O(6)S(2)(2-), featuring an open structure with significant solvent-accessible voids. This crystal structure is formed through hydrogen bonding and anion interactions.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystal Engineering
    • Supramolecular Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Understanding the formation of extended crystalline frameworks is crucial for designing new materials.
    • Hydrogen bonding and anion interactions play key roles in directing crystal packing and framework assembly.
    • The exploration of novel salt structures can lead to materials with unique properties and applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To synthesize and characterize a new salt with the formula 2NH(4)(+)·C(12)H(8)O(6)S(2)(2-).
    • To elucidate the crystal structure and supramolecular assembly of the title salt.
    • To investigate the presence and extent of solvent-accessible voids within the formed framework.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis was employed to determine the crystallographic structure.

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    Synthesis of Terpolymers at Mild Temperatures Using Dynamic Sulfur Bonds in Poly(S-Divinylbenzene)
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    Synthesis of Terpolymers at Mild Temperatures Using Dynamic Sulfur Bonds in Poly(S-Divinylbenzene)

    Published on: May 20, 2019

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    Synthesis of Terpolymers at Mild Temperatures Using Dynamic Sulfur Bonds in Poly(S-Divinylbenzene)
    09:16

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    Published on: May 20, 2019

  • Analysis of hydrogen bonding interactions (N-H⋯O sulfonate) was performed.
  • Calculation of solvent-accessible void volume within the crystal lattice.

    • Main Results:

    • The title salt, 2NH(4)(+)·C(12)H(8)O(6)S(2)(2-), was successfully synthesized and its crystal structure determined.
    • The dianion C(12)H(8)O(6)S(2)(2-) exhibits crystallographic inversion symmetry.
    • A three-dimensional framework is constructed via primary hydrogen-bonded sheets (ammonium-sulfonate interactions) and peripheral linking through biphenyl groups, creating significant solvent-accessible voids (43 ų).

    Conclusions:

    • The study successfully characterized a novel 3D framework salt with potential for host-guest chemistry.
    • The observed crystal structure highlights the importance of combined hydrogen bonding and aromatic interactions in framework construction.
    • The presence of substantial voids suggests potential applications in areas such as gas storage or separation.