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Related Concept Videos

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition01:11

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is confirmed through isotopic...
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NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
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Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene01:15

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Chlorination and Bromination of Benzene

Chlorination and bromination are important classes of electrophilic aromatic substitutions, where benzene reacts with chlorine or bromine in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst to give halogenated substitution products. A Lewis acid such as aluminium chloride or ferric chloride catalyzes the chlorination, and ferric bromide catalyzes the bromination reactions. During the bromination of alkenes, bromine polarizes and becomes electrophilic. However, in the bromination of benzene, the bromine...
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Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent01:23

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Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-benzyl-idene-4-chloro-benzene-sulfono-hydrazide and of its (<i>E</i>)-4-chloro-<i>N</i>'-(<i>ortho</i>- and <i>para</i>-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazide derivatives.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides (CHIPS)
06:34

Synthesis of Antiviral Tetrahydrocarbazole Derivatives by Photochemical and Acid-catalyzed C-H Functionalization via Intermediate Peroxides (CHIPS)

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N-(4-Chloro-phen-yl)benzamide.

B Thimme Gowda, Miroslav Tokarčík, Jozef Kožíšek

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study details the molecular structure of a chlorinated benzanilide derivative. The compound exhibits specific dihedral angles and forms intermolecular hydrogen bonds, creating molecular chains.

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Benzanilides are a class of organic compounds with diverse applications.
    • Understanding the structural properties of substituted benzanilides is crucial for predicting their behavior and potential uses.
    • Previous studies have characterized various benzanilide structures, providing a basis for comparison.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of a novel chlorinated benzanilide compound.
    • To analyze the molecular geometry, including dihedral angles between aromatic rings and the amide group.
    • To investigate the presence and nature of intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional structure.

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  • Crystallographic data were analyzed to obtain bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles.
  • Intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonding, were identified and characterized.

    • Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(13)H(10)ClNO was successfully determined.
    • The dihedral angle between the amide group and the benzoyl ring is 29.95(9)°, and between the benzoyl and aniline rings is 60.76(3)°.
    • Intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding was observed, with N-H⋯O interactions linking molecules into chains along the [100] direction.

    Conclusions:

    • The determined structure of C(13)H(10)ClNO shares similarities with other benzanilides.
    • The observed hydrogen bonding network plays a significant role in the crystal packing and molecular assembly.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in benzanilide derivatives.