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Palladium N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Synthesis from Benzimidazolium Salts and Catalytic Activity in Carbon-carbon Bond-forming Reactions
Published on: July 30, 2017
3-Chloro-N-(3-chloro-phen-yl)benzamide
Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 5, 2011
Summary
The crystal structure of C(13)H(9)Cl(2)NO reveals specific anti and syn relationships between chemical bonds and substituents. Adjacent molecules form infinite chains via N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, influencing crystal packing.
Area of Science:
- Crystallography
- Organic Chemistry
- Chemical Physics
Background:
- Understanding molecular interactions and crystal packing is crucial in solid-state chemistry.
- The specific arrangement of functional groups dictates a compound's physical and chemical properties.
- Dichloro-substituted aromatic amides present unique structural challenges and opportunities for investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the detailed crystal structure of the title compound, C(13)H(9)Cl(2)NO.
- To analyze the spatial relationships between the amide functional group, chloro-substituents, and aromatic rings.
- To investigate intermolecular interactions, specifically hydrogen bonding, that govern crystal assembly.
Main Methods:
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the three-dimensional molecular structure.
- Analysis of bond orientations (syn/anti) and dihedral angles provided insights into molecular conformation.
- Identification and analysis of hydrogen bonding patterns revealed intermolecular associations.
Main Results:
- The crystal structure features two independent molecules with anti N-H and C=O bonds.
- Specific syn/anti relationships were observed between the N-H and C=O bonds and the meta-chloro substituents.
- The amide group and aromatic rings exhibit defined dihedral angles, with the two rings remaining nearly coplanar.
- Infinite chains of molecules are formed through N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds.
Conclusions:
- The study provides a precise structural characterization of C(13)H(9)Cl(2)NO at the molecular level.
- The observed hydrogen bonding network is a key factor in the compound's crystal packing and stability.
- The conformational preferences and substituent effects offer insights into the solid-state behavior of related organic compounds.
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