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Related Concept Videos

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process01:10

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is eliminated to generate the benzyne...
NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents01:11

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents

When more than one substituent is present on the benzene ring, the IUPAC nomenclature depends on the number of substituents present.
For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
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Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction00:59

Reactions at the Benzylic Position: Oxidation and Reduction

The benzylic position describes the position of a carbon atom attached directly to a benzene ring. Benzene by itself does not undergo oxidation. In contrast, the benzylic carbon is quite reactive in the presence of strong oxidizing agents such as KMnO4 or H2CrO4. Therefore, alkylbenzenes are readily oxidized to benzoic acid, irrespective of the type of alkyl groups.
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.

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Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of (<i>E</i>)-<i>N</i>'-benzyl-idene-4-chloro-benzene-sulfono-hydrazide and of its (<i>E</i>)-4-chloro-<i>N</i>'-(<i>ortho</i>- and <i>para</i>-methyl-benzyl-idene)benzene-sulfono-hydrazide derivatives.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Elucidating the Metabolism of 2,4-Dibromophenol in Plants
06:54

Elucidating the Metabolism of 2,4-Dibromophenol in Plants

Published on: February 10, 2023

2,4-Dimethyl-phenyl benzoate.

B Thimme Gowda, Miroslav Tokarčík, Jozef Kožíšek

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The crystal structure of 2,4-dimethylphenyl benzoate (24DMPBA) was determined. Its molecular arrangement and bond parameters are similar to other aryl benzoates, with molecules packed along the a-axis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Aryl benzoates are a class of organic compounds with diverse applications.
    • Understanding the crystal structure of novel compounds provides insights into their physical and chemical properties.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine and analyze the crystal structure of 2,4-dimethylphenyl benzoate (24DMPBA).
    • To compare the structural features of 24DMPBA with related aryl benzoate compounds.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to elucidate the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles was performed.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of 24DMPBA (C(15)H(14)O(2)) was successfully determined.
    • Dihedral angles between the central -O-C-O- group and the aromatic rings were measured as 85.81(5)° and 5.71(13)°.
    • The two aromatic rings exhibit a dihedral angle of 80.25(5)°.
    • Molecular packing reveals axes aligned parallel to the a-axis direction.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal structure of 24DMPBA shares similarities with other aryl benzoates, particularly in bond parameters.
    • The specific dihedral angles and molecular packing arrangement are key characteristics of 24DMPBA's solid-state structure.