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Related Concept Videos

Allergic Reactions02:06

Allergic Reactions

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Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis01:30

Allergic Reactions: Anaphylaxis

Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction mediated by Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. When IgE binds to allergens, it triggers the release of mediators– histamine, leukotrienes, and prostaglandins from mast cells and basophils. These mediators cause vasodilation, edema, and inflammation, leading to various symptoms.The primary allergens causing anaphylaxis include food items (e.g., peanuts, shellfish), drugs (e.g., penicillin, asparaginase, corticotropin, heparin),...
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Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition for which new therapeutic avenues, including anti-inflammatory drugs like mast cell stabilizers and anti-IgE treatments, continue to be developed.
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Antibody Structure

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Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins (Ig), are essential players of the adaptive immune system. These antigen-binding proteins are produced by B cells and make up 20 percent of the total blood plasma by weight. In mammals, antibodies fall into five different classes, which each elicits a different biological response upon antigen binding.
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Allergic reactions related to drugs are hypersensitivity responses driven by the immune system and bear no connection to the drug's therapeutic action. While drugs in isolation do not trigger an immune response, they can interact with endogenous proteins to form antigens. These antigens stimulate lymphocytes to produce antibodies. IgE-type antibodies attach themselves to mast cells. Upon subsequent exposure to the same stimulus, the antigen-antibody interaction is initiated, unleashing numerous...
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A Guide to Sublingual Immunotherapy in Japan.

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Immunofluorescent Labeling in Nasal Mucosa Tissue Sections of Allergic Rhinitis Rats via Multicolor Immunoassay
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Published on: September 22, 2023

Allergen immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis.

Kimihiro Okubo1, Minoru Gotoh

  • 1Department of Head & Neck and Sensory Organ Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan. ent-kim@nmsc.ac.jp

Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nippon Ika Daigaku Zasshi
|January 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) offer desensitization for allergies. SLIT is gaining attention in Japan for allergic rhinitis due to its ease of use and potential effectiveness, despite SCIT

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Published on: March 3, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Allergology

Background:

  • Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) and sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) are established desensitization treatments for allergic diseases globally.
  • SCIT, despite limited mechanistic evidence, has been utilized in Japan and is supported by high-level evidence for allergic rhinitis treatment.
  • Widespread adoption of SCIT in Japan is hindered by challenges, including the risk of anaphylaxis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) as a viable alternative to SCIT in Japan.
  • To address the growing interest in SLIT due to its perceived ease of administration and comparable efficacy.
  • To explore the international discussion and evaluation surrounding SLIT for allergic diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing international evidence comparing SCIT and SLIT.
  • Analysis of factors influencing the adoption of immunotherapy in Japan.
  • Consideration of allergen-specific comparisons between SCIT and SLIT.

Main Results:

  • SCIT demonstrates effectiveness for allergic rhinitis based on robust evidence, including meta-analyses.
  • SLIT presents a potentially safer and more convenient option for patients and physicians.
  • International consensus supports the efficacy and safety of SLIT for various allergens.

Conclusions:

  • SLIT is a promising immunotherapy option for allergic diseases, particularly in the Japanese context.
  • The introduction of SLIT for Japanese cedar pollen allergy in 2014 signifies a potential shift in allergy treatment.
  • Further research and clinical experience are anticipated to solidify SLIT's role in allergy management.