Colloidal platinum nanoparticles increase mitochondrial stress induced by resin composite components

Area of Science:

• Biomaterials Science
• Nanotechnology
• Cellular Toxicology

Background:

• Dental composites contain components like camphorquinone (CQ) and DMAEM that can cause cellular stress.
• Colloidal platinum nanoparticles (CPtN) are investigated as potential nanofillers to mitigate this stress.
• The antioxidant or pro-oxidant behavior of CPtN can depend on the surrounding chemical environment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate if CPtN can mitigate mitochondrial and oxidative stress induced by dental composite components (CQ and DMAEM).
• To assess the effects of CPtN on cellular ATP and GSH levels following blue light irradiation in THP-1 cells.

Main Methods:

• THP-1 human monocytic cells were exposed to CQ and DMAEM, followed by blue light irradiation.
• CPtN were added before irradiation.
• Mitochondrial stress was measured via cellular ATP levels.
• Oxidative stress was measured via cellular GSH levels.
• Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA with Tukey post-hoc tests.

Main Results:

• CQ and DMAEM alone increased ATP levels; CPtN further elevated this increase.
• Blue light irradiation decreased ATP levels, an effect exacerbated by CPtN.
• CQ/DMAEM and blue light suppressed GSH levels; CPtN enhanced this suppression.
• CPtN did not mitigate, but rather amplified, mitochondrial and oxidative stress under the tested conditions.

Conclusions:

• CPtN did not demonstrate a mitigating effect on mitochondrial or oxidative stress induced by dental composite components and blue light in THP-1 cells.
• Under the experimental conditions, CPtN amplified cellular stress responses.
• Further research is needed to understand the complex interactions of CPtN in biological systems, particularly within dental biomaterials.