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Related Concept Videos

Antigen Presenting Cells01:22

Antigen Presenting Cells

The immune system is a complex network of cells and molecules that protects the body from foreign invaders. T cells, a type of white blood cell, play a crucial role in this process. They recognize and attack foreign substances, such as pathogens, that enter the body.
T cells require the help of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which process foreign antigens into smaller fragments that can be recognized by T cells. These APCs are highly specialized cells that efficiently internalize antigens...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...

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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells: recent progress and open questions.

Boris Reizis1, Anna Bunin, Hiyaa S Ghosh

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, New York 10032, USA.

Annual Review of Immunology
|January 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) rapidly secrete type I interferon (IFN-α/β) to orchestrate immune responses. This review explores pDC biology, function, and roles in immunity and disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are key immune cells specializing in type I interferon (IFN-α/β) production.
  • pDCs integrate lymphocyte and dendritic cell features, with unique adaptations for nucleic acid sensing and IFN secretion.
  • Their role in orchestrating innate and adaptive immunity is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding pDC biology.
  • To highlight molecular mechanisms underlying pDC function.
  • To discuss the involvement of pDCs in T cell responses, antiviral immunity, and autoimmune diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Review of scientific literature on plasmacytoid dendritic cells.
  • Synthesis of findings on pDC cell fate, plasticity, and molecular functions.
  • Analysis of pDC roles in various immune contexts.

Main Results:

  • pDCs possess unique molecular adaptations for nucleic acid sensing and potent IFN-α/β secretion.
  • Their antigen presentation capacity complements IFN production in immune regulation.
  • pDCs significantly influence T cell responses, antiviral immunity, and the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases.

Conclusions:

  • Significant progress has been made in understanding pDC biology and function.
  • pDCs are crucial players in antiviral defense and autoimmune conditions.
  • Unresolved questions in pDC research offer exciting future directions.