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Related Concept Videos

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction01:30

Peripheral Artery Disease I: Introduction

Peripheral artery disease (PAD) predominantly results from atherosclerosis, which involves the accumulation of fatty deposits, or plaques, within the walls of arteries. This causes them to narrow and harden, significantly reducing blood flow. PAD predominantly affects the legs, particularly the arteries supplying the thighs and calves. In rare cases, it may involve other arteries, including those in the arms.Etiology of PAD:The principal cause of PAD is atherosclerosis, which results from fatty...
Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Atherosclerosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Tests

Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder that leads to the thickening and narrowing of arterial walls due to plaque buildup. This condition can cause various symptoms depending on the arteries affected:Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): This condition affects the coronary arteries and may lead to chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), heart attacks, and other heart disease symptoms.Cerebrovascular Disease: This affects blood flow to the brain, causing transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)...
Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation01:21

Peripheral Arterial Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical manifestationsPeripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) manifests through a range of symptoms, from the characteristic intermittent claudication to atypical presentations and severe complications in advanced stages. Intermittent claudication, a hallmark symptom of PAD, presents as exercise-induced muscle pain that typically resolves within minutes of rest. This pain is reproducible and stems from inadequate blood flow, leading to the accumulation of lactic acid produced during anaerobic...
Atherosclerosis I: Introduction01:30

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Atherosclerosis is a progressive disorder characterized by the buildup of plaques on the arterial inner wall, causing them to narrow and harden over time. These plaques comprise lipids, calcium, blood components, carbohydrates, and fibrous tissue. The process primarily affects the intima of large and medium-sized arteries, reducing blood flow in any artery.Etiology and risk factorsThe cause of atherosclerosis is multifactorial, involving a complex interplay among endothelial injury, lipid...
Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology01:26

Coronary Artery Disease II: Pathophysiology

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) originates from a series of events that impair the function of coronary arteries, the blood vessels responsible for delivering oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. The pathophysiology of CAD is closely linked to atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory and lipid-driven condition affecting the vascular endothelium.1. Endothelial DamageThe process begins with damage to the vascular endothelium, which serves as a protective barrier between the blood and the vessel...
Overview of Systemic Arteries01:11

Overview of Systemic Arteries

The human body is a complex, well-organized machine, and at the heart of its operations lies the circulatory system. This network of blood vessels, which includes systemic arteries, plays a vital role in maintaining life by transporting nutrients, oxygen, and waste products to and from cells throughout the body.
Systemic circulation is the part of the cardiovascular system that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body's tissues and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

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A Visual Approach for Inducing Dolichoectasia in Mice to Model Large Vessel-Mediated Cerebrovascular Dysfunction
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Dolichoectasia-an evolving arterial disease.

Jose Gutierrez1, Ralph L Sacco, Clinton B Wright

  • 1Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1120 NW 14th Street, Suite 1387, Miami, FL 33136, USA. drjosegc@hotmail.com

Nature Reviews. Neurology
|January 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dolichoectasia, a vascular disease causing vessel dilation and tortuosity, increases with age and cardiovascular risks. Research highlights diagnostic challenges and the need for evidence-based treatments for this condition.

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Area of Science:

  • Vascular Medicine
  • Neurology
  • Cardiovascular Disease

Background:

  • Dolichoectasia involves arterial dilatation and/or tortuosity, increasing with age and cardiovascular risk factors.
  • Pathophysiology includes metalloproteinase activation and turbulent blood flow, disrupting the internal elastic lamina.
  • Intracranial dolichoectasia often manifests as stroke or cranial neuropathies, predominantly affecting posterior circulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge on dolichoectasia.
  • To identify gaps in understanding the underlying dilatatory arteriopathy.
  • To guide future research on diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on dolichoectasia.
  • Analysis of diagnostic criteria for intracranial dolichoectasia.
  • Evaluation of current treatment approaches and their evidence base.

Main Results:

  • Diagnosis relies on visual assessment and Smoker's criteria for posterior circulation; anterior circulation lacks standardized criteria.
  • No specific treatments are established, and existing therapies lack systematic evaluation.
  • Understanding of the underlying arteriopathy and potential benefits of early diagnosis remains limited.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is crucial to elucidate the pathophysiology of dolichoectasia.
  • Development of standardized diagnostic criteria, particularly for anterior circulation, is needed.
  • Evidence-based treatment strategies require systematic evaluation to improve patient outcomes.