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Related Concept Videos

Integration of Synaptic Events01:28

Integration of Synaptic Events

Synaptic integration mainly includes the summation of graded potentials. Graded potentials, regardless of their type, cause subtle alterations in membrane voltage, resulting in either depolarization or hyperpolarization. These incremental changes, when combined or summed, can propel the neuron toward its threshold. Consider, for example, a membrane experiencing a +15 mV shift, causing it to depolarize from -70 mV to -55 mV. In this scenario, graded potentials govern the membrane's ability to...
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Chemical synapses are specialized sites between two neurons or between a neuron and a non-neuronal cell like a muscle, glandular or sensory cell.
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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Long-term Potentiation01:25

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Hebbian LTP
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Evaluation of Synaptic Multiplicity Using Whole-cell Patch-clamp Electrophysiology
10:52

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Published on: April 23, 2019

Synaptic scaling stabilizes persistent activity driven by asynchronous neurotransmitter release.

Vladislav Volman1, Richard C Gerkin

  • 1Center for Theoretical Biological Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. volman@salk.edu

Neural Computation
|January 13, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Network reverberations in developing hippocampal neurons are stable despite network changes. Normalizing synaptic input variance stabilizes these rhythmic activities, crucial for understanding brain development and disorders.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience

Background:

  • Cultured hippocampal neurons exhibit network reverberations, modeling synchrony, working memory, and seizures.
  • Reverberations depend on asynchronous neurotransmitter release, common in developing networks.
  • Small-world network topology optimizes activity propagation in synchronous transmission models.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate how synaptic connectivity topology affects reverberation stability in networks with asynchronous transmission.
  • Determine the role of network size and connection patterns on reverberation dynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Simulated small networks of cultured hippocampal neurons (10-200 neurons).
  • Varied synaptic connectivity topology and network size.
  • Analyzed the impact of asynchronous neurotransmitter release on network activity.
  • Manipulated synaptic drive variance to assess its effect on reverberation stability.

Main Results:

  • Reverberation duration was largely insensitive to topological changes and network size.
  • Normalization of synaptic drive, by reducing input variance, significantly stabilized reverberations.
  • Small-world topology's benefit was not observed in asynchronous transmission networks.

Conclusions:

  • Synaptic drive variance normalization, not just network topology, is critical for stabilizing reverberations in developing networks.
  • These findings suggest variance-normalizing constraints on synaptic drive may shape normal and pathological network states.
  • An experimental prediction is offered regarding the consequences of synaptic drive regulation on small network behavior.