Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Detection of Mitophagy in Human Cells, C. Elegans, and Mice
Published on: November 22, 2017
A new autophagy-related checkpoint in the degradation of an ERAD-M target
Edith Kario1, Nira Amar, Zvulun Elazar
1Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Abstract:
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) harbors elaborate quality control mechanisms to ensure proper folding and post-translational modifications of polypeptides targeted to this organelle. Once an aberrant protein is detected, it is dislocated from the ER and routed to the proteasome for destruction. Autophagy has been recently implicated in the elevation of the ER stress response; however, the involvement of this pathway in selective removal of ER-associated degradation (ERAD) substrates has not been demonstrated. In the present study, we show that an ER membrane lesion, associated with the accumulation of the yeast ERAD-M substrate 6Myc-Hmg2p elicits the recruitment of Atg8 and elements of the cytosol to vacuole targeting (CVT) to the membrane, leading to attenuation in the degradation process. Deletion of peptide:N-glycanase (PNG1) stabilizes this association, a process accompanied by slowdown of 6Myc-Hmg2p degradation. Truncation of the unstructured C-terminal 23 amino acids of 6Myc-Hmg2p rendered its degradation PNG1-independent and allowed its partial delivery to the vacuole in an autophagy-dependent manner. These findings demonstrate a new conduit for the selective vacuolar/lysosomal removal of ERAD misfolded proteins by an autophagy-related machinery acting concomitantly with the proteasome.
Related Concept Videos
Autophagy
An autophagic pathway consists of a series of signaling events activated in response to diverse stress and physiological conditions such as food deprivation,...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...
Export of Misfolded Proteins out of the ER
Autophagic Cell Death
Autophagy and Apoptosis
Autophagy can activate apoptosis. In normal conditions, the autophagy activating protein Beclin-1 and pro-apoptotic...
Regulated Protein Degradation
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Regulated Protein Degradation
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...

