Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion

Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...

The Kinetic Model of Gases

The Kinetic Model of Gases

The kinetic model of gases explains the properties of a perfect gas using three main assumptions: molecules move in ceaseless random motion, their size is negligible compared to the distances between them, and they do not interact except during perfectly elastic collisions. The total energy of a gas is the sum of the kinetic energies of all its constituent molecules. The pressure exerted by the gas arises from the continual bombardment of the container walls by billions of colliding molecules.

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

In column chromatography, when an analyte is introduced as a narrow band at the top of the column, the solutes begin to separate and broaden, developing a Gaussian profile. This broadening occurs due to various factors, such as longitudinal diffusion.
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...

Mean free path and Mean free time

Mean free path and Mean free time

Consider the gas molecules in a cylinder. They move in a random motion as they collide with each other and change speed and direction. The average of all the path lengths between collisions is known as the "mean free path."

Van der Waals Interactions

Van der Waals Interactions

Atoms and molecules interact with each other through intermolecular forces. These electrostatic forces arise from attractive or repulsive interactions between particles with permanent, partial, or temporary charges. The intermolecular forces between neutral atoms and molecules are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, and dispersion forces, collectively known as van der Waals forces.Polar molecules have a partial positive charge on one end and a partial negative charge on the other end of the molecule,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Crater depth prediction in granular collisions: A uniaxial compression model.

Physical review. E·2024

Same author

Crossover from equilibration to aging: Nonequilibrium theory versus simulations.

Physical review. E·2017

Same author

Potentiostatic current and galvanostatic potential oscillations during electrodeposition of cadmium.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2015

Same author

Effective potentials of dissipative hard spheres in granular matter.

The European physical journal. E, Soft matter·2009

Same author

Granular convection driven by shearing inertial forces.

Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics·2006

Same author

Inertia in the Brazil nut problem.

Physical review. E, Statistical, nonlinear, and soft matter physics·2003

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Diffusivity and weak clustering in a quasi-two-dimensional granular gas.

J A Perera-Burgos¹, G Pérez-Ángel, Y Nahmad-Molinari

¹Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, AP 73 Cordemex, 97310 Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. jperera@mda.cinvestav.mx

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics

|January 15, 2011

Summary

Simulations reveal that granular gases exhibit clustering due to dissipation, which is influenced by collision properties and particle density. Diffusion is enhanced in diluted gases with lower energy loss during collisions.

More Related Videos

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

An Analog Macroscopic Technique for Studying Molecular Hydrodynamic Processes in Dense Gases and Liquids

Published on: December 4, 2017

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Confocal Imaging of Confined Quiescent and Flowing Colloid-polymer Mixtures

Published on: May 20, 2014

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

The Diffusion of Passive Tracers in Laminar Shear Flow

Published on: May 1, 2018

Area of Science:

Physics
Statistical Mechanics
Granular Materials

Background:

Granular gases are systems of macroscopic particles interacting via collisions.
Understanding non-equilibrium phenomena in granular systems is crucial for various applications.
Previous studies have explored clustering and transport properties in granular media.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the clustering behavior and diffusion coefficients in a quasi-two-dimensional dissipative granular gas.
To analyze the influence of dissipation, packing fraction, and restitution coefficients on granular gas dynamics.

Main Methods:

Detailed numerical simulations of a quasi-two-dimensional granular gas.
Maintaining a non-condensed steady state using vertical shaking over a rough substrate.
Calculation of pair distribution functions and diffusion coefficients.

Main Results:

The granular gas exhibits weak power-law decay in pair distribution functions, indicating clustering.
Clustering is monotonically dependent on the dissipation coefficient and packing fraction.
Diffusion coefficients are higher in diluted gases with smaller restitution coefficients.

Conclusions:

Dissipation and packing fraction are key factors driving clustering in granular gases.
Non-equilibrium characteristics, such as non-Maxwellian velocity distributions, are present.
The interplay between dissipation and dilution affects the diffusive behavior of granular gases.