Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Cluster Sampling Method01:20

Cluster Sampling Method

Appropriate sampling methods ensure that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population. Because measuring the entire population in a study is not practical, researchers use samples to represent the population of interest.
To choose a cluster sample, divide the population into clusters (groups) and then randomly select some of the clusters. All the members from these clusters are in the cluster sample. For example, if you randomly sample four departments from your...
Second Uniqueness Theorem01:16

Second Uniqueness Theorem

Consider a region consisting of several individual conductors with a definite charge density in the region between these conductors. The second uniqueness theorem states that if the total charge on each conductor and the charge density in the in-between region are known, then the electric field can be uniquely determined.
In contrast, consider that the electric field is non-unique and apply Gauss's law in divergence form in the region between the conductors and the integral form to the surface...
First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium01:10

First Law: Particles in One-dimensional Equilibrium

Newton's first law of motion states that a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at constant velocity, unless acted on by a net external force. It also states that there must be a cause for any change in velocity (a change in either magnitude or direction) to occur. This cause is a net external force. For example, consider what happens to an object sliding along a rough horizontal surface. The object quickly grinds to a halt, due to the net force of friction. If we...
Distribution of Molecular Speeds01:27

Distribution of Molecular Speeds

The motion of molecules in a gas is random in magnitude and direction for individual molecules, but a gas of many molecules has a predictable distribution of molecular speeds. This predictable distribution of molecular speeds is known as the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution. The distribution of molecular speeds in liquids is comparable to that of gases but not identical and can help to understand the phenomenon of the boiling and vapor pressure of a liquid. Consider that a molecule requires a...
First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium01:18

First Law: Particles in Two-dimensional Equilibrium

Recall that a particle in equilibrium is one for which the external forces are balanced. Static equilibrium involves objects at rest, and dynamic equilibrium involves objects in motion without acceleration; but it is important to remember that these conditions are relative. For instance, an object may be at rest when viewed from one frame of reference, but that same object would appear to be in motion when viewed by someone moving at a constant velocity.
Newton's first law tells us about the...
Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision02:43

Basic Postulates of Kinetic Molecular Theory: Particle Size, Energy, and Collision

The ideal-gas equation, which is empirical, describes the behavior of gases by establishing relationships between their macroscopic properties. For example, Charles’ law states that volume and temperature are directly related. Gases, therefore, expand when heated at constant pressure. Although gas laws explain how the macroscopic properties change relative to one another, it does not explain the rationale behind it.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Quantitative Assessment of Brain Glucose Metabolism Using Dynamic Glucose-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (DGE-MRF).

Chemical & biomedical imaging·2026
Same author

Weak solutions to the Bloch equations with distant dipolar field.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same author

Multi-tissue transcriptomic aging atlas reveals predictive aging biomarkers in the killifish.

Nature aging·2026
Same author

Admissibility of solitary wave modes in long-runout debris flows.

Physical review. E·2025
Same author

Toward a formulation of a CISS theory with the inclusion of two-particle relativistic effects, electron-phonon coupling, and electron-electron correlation. An application to NMR-based chiral discrimination.

The Journal of chemical physics·2025
Same author

Multivariate metal-organic frameworks enable chemical shift-encoded MRI with femtomolar sensitivity for biological systems.

Nature communications·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Universality of cluster dynamics.

Carson McFadden1, Louis-S Bouchard

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. cmcfad@chem.ucla.edu

Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics
|January 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cluster formation dynamics were studied in systems up to 8 dimensions. A phase transition in cluster size distribution was identified, enabling prediction of rare events in dynamical systems.

More Related Videos

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
12:11

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

Published on: April 8, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters
10:37

Spatial Separation of Molecular Conformers and Clusters

Published on: January 9, 2014

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry
12:11

Computation of Atmospheric Concentrations of Molecular Clusters from ab initio Thermochemistry

Published on: April 8, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Cluster formation is crucial in diverse fields like gas kinetics, polymerization, and self-assembly.
  • Understanding the kinetics of these processes is key to controlling material properties and system behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the kinetics of cluster formation in dynamical systems.
  • To analyze cluster size distributions and identify universal behaviors across different dimensions and interaction types.

Main Methods:

  • Simulations of dynamical systems with dimensions up to n=8.
  • Analysis of cluster formation via elastic collisions and coalescence.
  • Extension of analysis to L(p)-normed spaces to model interpenetration or volume exclusion.

Main Results:

  • A phase transition in cluster size probability distribution was observed at a critical time for elastic collisions.
  • This critical time can be predicted from the average time between collisions, allowing forecasting of rare events.
  • A universal power law for the empirical cluster size distribution at the critical time was found across various dimensions, L(p) norms, and for coalescing collisions in 2D.

Conclusions:

  • The observed universality suggests a fundamental underlying process governing cluster growth.
  • The findings provide a method for predicting rare events in dynamical systems.
  • The study offers insights into the behavior of complex systems relevant to multiple scientific disciplines.