Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Scalable Quantum Integrated Circuits on Superconducting Two-Dimensional Electron Gas Platform
Published on: August 2, 2019
Effective magnetic monopoles and universal conductance fluctuations
Kjetil M D Hals1, Anh Kiet Nguyen, Xavier Waintal
1Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491, Trondheim, Norway.
Abstract:
The observation of isolated positive and negative charges, but not isolated magnetic north and south poles, is an old puzzle. Instead, evidence of effective magnetic monopoles has been found in the abstract momentum space. Apart from Hall-related effects, few observable consequences of these abstract monopoles are known. Here, we show that it is possible to manipulate the monopoles by external magnetic fields and probe them by universal conductance fluctuation measurements in ferromagnets with strong spin-orbit coupling. The observed fluctuations are not noise, but reproducible quasiperiodic oscillations as a function of magnetization direction, a novel Berry phase fingerprint of the magnetic monopoles.
Related Concept Videos
Potential Due to a Magnetized Object
The vector...
Magnetostatic Boundary Conditions
Paramagnetism
Ferromagnetism
Magnetic Fields
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Magnetic Flux
Suppose a surface is divided into elements of area dA. For each element, the component of the magnetic field that is normal to the...

