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Related Concept Videos

Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
The...
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview01:07

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Overview

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a phenomenon exhibited by certain nuclei that can absorb characteristic radio frequency radiation under certain conditions. NMR has been extensively applied in molecular spectroscopy and medical diagnostic imaging. In both these applications, the molecule or subject under study is placed in a magnetic field and irradiated with radio frequency energy.
NMR spectroscopy generates a spectrum where the characteristic absorption frequencies of the sample are...
NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry01:19

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry

Mass spectrometry is a powerful characterization technique that can identify and separate a wide variety of compounds ranging from chemical to biological entities, based on their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The instruments that allow this detection, known as mass spectrometers, have three components: an ion source, a mass analyzer, and a detector. These spectrometers differ based on the nature of their ion source and analyzers.Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) is a commonly...
NMR Spectrometers: Overview01:20

NMR Spectrometers: Overview

NMR spectrometers consist of a strong magnet, a radiofrequency transmitter, and a detector attached to a computer console for recording spectra of samples containing NMR-active nuclei. In first-generation NMR instruments called continuous-wave spectrometers, the resonance frequencies of the nuclei are determined by frequency-sweep or field-sweep methods. The magnetic field strength is fixed and the rf signal is swept in the former, while the radiofrequency signal is fixed and the magnetic field...
Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...

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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics
11:02

Identification and Quantification of Deranged Metabolites in Critically Ill Patients Using NMR-Based Metabolomics

Published on: November 29, 2024

NMR techniques in biomedical and pharmaceutical analysis.

M Malet-Martino1, U Holzgrabe

  • 1Université de Toulouse, 31062 Toulouse cedex, France. martino@chimie.ups-tlse.fr

Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
|January 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) offers non-selective, quantitative, and structural insights for biomedical and pharmaceutical research. Despite sensitivity limitations, recent advancements enhance its utility in complex mixture analysis and in vivo studies.

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Published on: November 29, 2024

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Pharmaceutical Research
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) is a powerful analytical technique.
  • NMR offers unique advantages for analyzing complex biological and pharmaceutical samples.
  • Key characteristics include non-selectivity, quantitative accuracy, and structural information.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe NMR techniques applied in biomedical and pharmaceutical research.
  • To highlight the advantages and limitations of NMR for quantitative analysis.
  • To present NMR-based metabolomics and in vivo clinical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Overview of NMR principles and characteristics.
  • Discussion of in vitro quantitative analysis of complex matrices.
  • Description of NMR-based metabolomics and in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

Main Results:

  • NMR enables simultaneous detection of low molecular weight compounds.
  • Quantitative analysis is independent of molecular structure.
  • NMR provides rich structural information for complex mixtures.
  • In vivo studies are possible due to its non-invasive nature.

Conclusions:

  • NMR is a versatile tool in biomedical and pharmaceutical research.
  • Technological advancements are improving NMR sensitivity.
  • NMR applications span from in vitro analysis to in vivo clinical studies.