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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...

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Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

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Published on: September 26, 2013

Elevated Th17 cells are accompanied by FoxP3+ Treg cells decrease in patients with lupus nephritis.

Qian Xing1, Bin Wang, Houheng Su

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Medicine and Biotechnology of Qingdao, Qingdao University Medical College, 308 Ningxia Road, 266071 Qingdao, China.

Rheumatology International
|January 19, 2011
PubMed
Summary

In lupus nephritis (LN), T-helper 17 (Th17) cells increase while regulatory T (Treg) cells decrease, indicating a Th17/Treg imbalance contributes to kidney damage in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
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Published on: April 16, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology
  • Rheumatology

Background:

  • Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease.
  • Lupus nephritis (LN) is a severe manifestation of SLE affecting the kidneys.
  • The balance between T-helper 17 (Th17) and regulatory T (Treg) cells is crucial in immune regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distinct roles of Th17 and Treg cells in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
  • To evaluate the frequency and expression of Th17 and Treg cells and related cytokines in LN patients.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry was used to analyze Th17 and Treg cell frequencies in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs).
  • Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measured serum levels of interleukin-17 (IL-17) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1).
  • Comparison between LN patients, SLE patients without nephritis, and healthy controls.

Main Results:

  • LN patients showed a significant decrease in Treg cells (CD4+CD25+FoxP3+) and an increase in Th17 cells.
  • The ratio of Th17 to Treg cells was significantly elevated in LN patients, correlating with disease activity scores (SLEDAI).
  • LN patients exhibited increased IL-17 levels and decreased TGF-β1 levels compared to controls.

Conclusions:

  • A significant imbalance favoring Th17 cells over Treg cells is observed in lupus nephritis.
  • This Th17/Treg functional imbalance is implicated in the development and progression of renal damage in SLE patients.
  • Targeting Th17/Treg cell pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for lupus nephritis.