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Intuitive and deliberate judgments are based on common principles.

Arie W Kruglanski1, Gerd Gigerenzer

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. kruglanski@gmail.com

Psychological Review
|January 20, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intuitive and deliberate judgments are both rule-based, challenging dual-process theories. Rule selection, influenced by task, memory, and perceived rationality, determines judgment accuracy, not effort.

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Psychology
  • Decision Science

Background:

  • Dual-process theories distinguish intuitive (associative, effortless) from deliberate (rule-based, effortful) judgments.
  • This distinction assumes different underlying processes and outcomes for judgment types.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and provide evidence for a unified theoretical approach to both intuitive and deliberate judgments.
  • To re-examine the nature of judgment processes and their accuracy.

Main Methods:

  • Convergent theoretical arguments and empirical evidence.
  • Analysis of rule selection mechanisms in judgment formation.

Main Results:

  • Both intuitive and deliberate judgments are rule-based, often utilizing the same underlying rules.
  • A two-step rule selection process is proposed: task/memory constraints followed by processing potential/ecological rationality guidance.
  • Judgment accuracy depends on the ecological rationality of the chosen rule, not solely on effort or information processing.

Conclusions:

  • A unified framework for understanding intuitive and deliberate judgments is presented.
  • The ecological rationality of judgment rules is a critical determinant of accuracy.
  • Less effortful, heuristic strategies can be more accurate than complex analytical ones when ecologically rational.