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Related Concept Videos

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Typical and Atypical Agents

Antipsychotic drugs are classified into first-generation (typical) drugs including phenothiazines; and second-generation (atypical) drugs. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride (Thorazine), a phenothiazine derivative, broadly impacts the central, autonomic, and endocrine systems. This drug, along with typical agents like haloperidol (Haldol), primarily works by antagonizing D2 receptors, thus reducing dopaminergic neurotransmission. However, typical antipsychotics can cause side effects such as sedation...
Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview01:28

Psychosis and Antipsychotic Drugs: Overview

The term "psychosis" refers to a spectrum of mental disorders characterized by abnormal thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors. It can manifest as mood disorders, dementia, delirium with psychotic features, substance-induced psychosis with psychotic features, brief psychotic disorder, delusional disorder, schizoaffective disorder, and schizophrenia. Among all these disorders, schizophrenia is the most common psychotic disorder, affecting 1% of the worldwide population. Psychotic symptoms in all...
Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy01:26

Psychosis: Goals of Pharmacotherapy

Antipsychotic drugs are a crucial treatment method for acute and chronic psychoses, bipolar illness, and behavioral disorders. The selection of these drugs depends on several factors, including the state of the disease, clinical judgment, possible drug interactions, and the patient's sensitivity to adverse effects. In immediate scenarios, such as delirium and dementia, short-term treatment with low doses of high-potency typical or atypical agents can effectively manage symptom exacerbation. For...
Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects01:21

Antipsychotic Drugs: Therapeutic Uses and Side Effects

Antipsychotic drugs primarily block dopamine and serotonin receptors and cholinergic, adrenergic, and histaminergic receptors, thereby reducing hallucinations and delusions in conditions like schizophrenia. However, they can trigger unwanted extrapyramidal effects such as dystonias, Parkinson-like symptoms, and tardive dyskinesia.
Despite these side effects, antipsychotics are used therapeutically for various purposes, including managing schizophrenia, preventing nausea and vomiting, curbing...
Drug Therapy01:28

Drug Therapy

The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents

Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Self-Administration of Drugs in Mouse Models of Feeding and Obesity
03:37

Self-Administration of Drugs in Mouse Models of Feeding and Obesity

Published on: June 8, 2021

Risperidone versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia.

Katja Komossa1, Christine Rummel-Kluge, Sandra Schwarz

  • 1Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Technische Universität München Klinikum rechts der Isar, Moehlstrasse 26, München, Germany, 81675.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|January 21, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Risperidone, a common schizophrenia treatment, shows varied efficacy and side effects compared to other atypical antipsychotics. It may cause more extrapyramidal symptoms and prolactin increase, but further research is needed due to study limitations.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Self-Administration of Drugs in Mouse Models of Feeding and Obesity
03:37

Self-Administration of Drugs in Mouse Models of Feeding and Obesity

Published on: June 8, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry and Pharmacology
  • Clinical Trial Analysis
  • Schizophrenia Treatment Research

Background:

  • Second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs) are first-line treatments for schizophrenia.
  • Debate exists regarding differential efficacy and tolerability among SGAs.
  • This review focuses on risperidone's comparative profile.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate risperidone's efficacy and tolerability against other SGAs.
  • To provide a comparative analysis for schizophrenia treatment decisions.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized, blinded trials comparing oral risperidone with other oral SGAs.
  • Searched multiple databases and contacted authors/manufacturers for data.
  • Extracted and analyzed dichotomous and continuous data using random-effects models.

Main Results:

  • 45 trials with 7760 participants included; high attrition (46.9%) and industry sponsorship (60%) noted.
  • Risperidone showed similar overall acceptability but varied efficacy and side effect profiles compared to other SGAs.
  • Risperidone was associated with more extrapyramidal side effects and increased prolactin levels, but potentially less weight gain than some SGAs.

Conclusions:

  • Risperidone appears to have a distinct side effect profile, notably higher extrapyramidal symptoms and prolactin levels.
  • Efficacy and other adverse effects (weight gain, metabolic, cardiac, sedation, seizures) also vary.
  • High attrition and incomplete reporting limit firm conclusions; further large trials are recommended.