[Study on clinical anatomy of calcaneal fractures and its applications]

To observe and analyze the intraoperative state of calcaneal fractures, and summarize the law of displacement after calcaneal fractures, so as to guide fracture reduction and fixation.

From March 2002 to March 2009, among 572 patients with calcaneal fractures, 427 patients were male and 145 patients were female, ranging in age from 17 to 73 years, averaged 37 years. The patients were injured from falling or road accidents, and all the patients were closed fracture. The 189 patients with complete clinical data were treated with reduction and fixation through the lateral approach after observation of displacement type of the fractures.

Among 189 patients,the fractures were found at the lower part of the articular surface in all patients, which was hillock point of calcaneus; the fractures were found at the Gissans Corner in 134 patients, and the type include cross-sectional fracture or oblique fracture; the fractures were found at calcaneal tubercle in 118 patients, and the fractures were divided into two parts from top to bottom; the fractures were found at the distal part of calcaneus only in 67 patients.

Calcaneal fractures show clear law of dislocation. Preoperative and intra-operative detailed analysis and evaluation, as well as reduction and fixation according to certain sequences can insure to get better operative effects.