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[Serological and molecular genetic markers of hepatitis C virus in infected donors]

N V Zubkova, E V Filatova, S V Zubov

    Voprosy Virusologii
    |January 26, 2011
    PubMed

    Insights

    Detecting hepatitis C virus (HCV) markers in blood donors is crucial. Combining enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) significantly reduces the risk of HCV-infected donations.

    Area of Science:

    • Virology
    • Immunology
    • Public Health

    Context:

    • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) poses a significant risk in blood transfusions.
    • Accurate screening of blood donations is essential to prevent viral transmission.
    • Understanding HCV marker dynamics in donors informs screening strategies.

    Purpose:

    • To determine the frequency of HCV markers in blood donors.
    • To analyze the spectrum and activity of anti-HCV antibodies and HCV genotypes.
    • To assess the risk of HCV transmission through blood donations and optimize screening methods.

    Summary:

    • HCV antibody activity was lower in RNA-negative donors than in RNA-positive donors.
    • Significant differences in antibody activity were observed between HCV genotypes 1b and 3a.
    • No correlation was found between HCV RNA concentration and specific antibody activity.
    • The study identified risks associated with serological window period donations and low antibody positivity.
    • Combined EIA and PCR screening effectively minimizes HCV contamination in donor plasma.

    Impact:

    • The findings highlight the importance of sensitive screening methods for blood safety.
    • Implementing combined EIA and PCR reduces the incidence of transfusion-transmitted HCV.
    • This research contributes to safer blood supply chains and public health protection.

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