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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Etched beam splitters in InP/InGaAsP.

Erik J Norberg1, John S Parker, Steven C Nicholes

  • 1Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. norberg@ece.ucsb.edu

Optics Express
|January 26, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a compact etched beam splitter (EBS) photonic coupler using frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR). This device shows low insertion loss and minimal cross-coupling, suitable for wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Semiconductor Devices
  • Integrated Optics

Background:

  • Photonic couplers are essential components in integrated optical circuits.
  • Achieving compact designs with precise coupling control remains a challenge.
  • Frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) offers a potential mechanism for novel coupler designs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design, fabricate, and characterize a novel etched beam splitter (EBS) photonic coupler.
  • To explore the potential of FTIR for creating ultra-compact photonic devices.
  • To demonstrate the integration of EBS couplers with active components for advanced functionalities.

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of an EBS photonic coupler in the InP/InGaAsP material system.
  • Utilized a novel pre-etching process to create deep coupling gaps.
  • Characterization of insertion loss, cross-coupling, and wavelength dependence.
  • 3D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) modeling for performance prediction.

Main Results:

  • Fabricated EBS couplers exhibit ultra-compact dimensions (8x11 μm).
  • Achieved insertion loss between 1 and 2.6 dB with transmission (cross-coupling) ≤ 10%.
  • Demonstrated weak wavelength dependence in the C-band, suitable for WDM.
  • Successfully integrated EBS with semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) and phase modulators.

Conclusions:

  • The developed EBS photonic coupler offers a compact and efficient solution for optical coupling.
  • The device's performance aligns well with FDTD simulations.
  • The EBS technology is promising for WDM systems and integrated photonic circuits.
  • Integration with active components enables tunable filters and ring lasers.