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Related Concept Videos

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction01:28

Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
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Postoperative Nursing Management for Kidney Transplant PatientsPostoperative nursing management care includes monitoring the surgical site, encouraging early movement, and promoting lung health through breathing exercises. Nurses also administer prescribed medications like H2-blockers, such as famotidine, or proton pump inhibitors, like omeprazole, to help prevent gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeding. Fungal infections in the mouth and bladder can result from immunosuppressive and antibiotic...
Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure01:26

Kidney Transplant II: Surgical Procedure

Preoperative ManagementThe primary goals of preoperative management in kidney transplantation are to optimize the patient’s metabolic state and prepare them for surgery through diet adjustments, necessary dialysis, and tailored medical treatment. This phase also involves comprehensive infection screening and patient education about the surgical procedure and postoperative care to improve outcomes and adherence.Medical ManagementA comprehensive evaluation is required for both the living donor...
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

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Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...

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Early Detection of Drug-Induced Renal Hemodynamic Dysfunction Using Sonographic Technology in Rats
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Doppler parameters in renal transplant dysfunction: correlations with histopathologic changes.

Jing Gao1, Jonathan M Rubin, Dong-ying Xiang

  • 1Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY 10065 USA. jig2001@med.cornell.edu

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine : Official Journal of the American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine
|January 27, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Doppler ultrasound parameters, specifically peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of interlobar arteries, correlate with kidney transplant biopsy findings. Lower PSV and EDV may indicate more severe histopathologic changes in renal transplants.

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Radiology
  • Transplant Surgery

Background:

  • Renal transplant dysfunction requires accurate monitoring.
  • Histopathologic findings from kidney biopsy are crucial for diagnosis.
  • Non-invasive methods to assess transplant health are highly desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between intrarenal Doppler parameters and histopathologic changes in kidney transplant dysfunction.
  • To determine if Doppler ultrasound can predict specific biopsy findings.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 113 renal transplant recipients who underwent sonography and biopsy.
  • Measurement of interlobar artery peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistive index (RI).
  • Comparison of Doppler parameters with histopathologic diagnoses (interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy/sclerosis vs. edematous changes).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences in interlobar artery PSV and EDV were found between histopathologic groups.
  • PSV and EDV were lower in patients with interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy and vascular/glomerular sclerosis compared to those with edematous changes.
  • No significant differences in resistive index (RI) or main renal artery Doppler parameters were observed between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Interlobar artery PSV and EDV show a statistical correlation with histopathologic findings in renal transplant dysfunction.
  • Lower PSV and EDV may indicate more advanced fibrotic and sclerotic changes.
  • These Doppler parameters could serve as potential hemodynamic indicators for monitoring renal transplant progression.