Hybrid sclerosing adenosis and basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate

Hybrid sclerosing adenosis and basal cell hyperplasia of the prostate is a rare lesion. Here we report the seventh case of such lesions. Histological examination of the transurethral resection of the prostate of a 83-year-old Japanese man showed a small lesion consisted of sclerosing adenosis and basal cell hyperplasia, in addition to the diffuse glandular and fibromuscular hyperplasia. Immunohistochemically, many basal cells in sclerosing adenosis and basal cell hyperplasia areas showed a positive reaction for p63, cytokeratin 5, and D2-40. Additionally, many basal cells in the sclerosing adenosis area and some basal cells in the basal cell hyperplasia area were positive for S-100 protein and alpha-smooth muscle actin, which are myoepithelial cell markers. Finally, we suggest that hybrid sclerosing adenosis and basal cell hyperplasia may be actually a special form of hyperplastic lesion of all components of prostatic tissue, reflecting the unbalanced distribution of glandular, stromal (sclerosing adenosis), and basal cell hyperplasia with the differentiation toward myoepithelial cells predominantly occurring in a sclerosing adenosis area. Additionally, this case showed that D2-40 is a useful marker of basal cells.