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Related Concept Videos

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder01:28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a mental health condition characterized by recurrent obsessions, compulsions, or both, which consume significant time and interfere with daily functioning. Obsessions involve persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts, images, or urges that evoke anxiety. Common examples include irrational fears of contamination or harm. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts performed to reduce the anxiety caused by obsessions. For instance, individuals...
Oppositional Defiant Disorder01:30

Oppositional Defiant Disorder

A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive01:24

Personality Disorders: Dependent and Obsessive-Compulsive

Dependent personality disorder and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder are two separate psychological conditions that influence behavior, relationships, and overall life functioning. Though both involve maladaptive behaviors, their core characteristics and motivations differ significantly.
 Dependent Personality Disorder
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Conduct Disorder01:28

Conduct Disorder

Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
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Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Anal

Sigmund Freud's theory of psychosexual development describes the anal stage as occurring between 18 months and three years of age. During this period, children derive pleasure from controlling and releasing their bowel movements. However, they quickly learn that societal expectations impose restrictions on when and where this can happen. This stage marks a critical point where children begin to develop a sense of control and mastery over their bodily functions, as well as their broader...
Anxiety: Overview01:18

Anxiety: Overview

Anxiety is a common mental disorder featuring excessive worry, fear, and apprehension, significantly affecting daily life. People with anxiety disorders experience persistent and intense anxiety, interrupting their everyday functioning.
Individuals with anxiety often experience a range of physical and emotional symptoms, including sweating, trembling, tachycardia, and disturbances in sleep patterns. These symptoms vary in intensity and frequency but are generally disruptive and distressing.

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Signal Attenuation as a Rat Model of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
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[Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in childhood].

Anita Puustjärvi1, Mari Asikainen

  • 1Etelä-Savon sairaanhoitopiiri, lastenpsykiatrian tulosyksikkö, Porrassalmenkatu 35-37 50100 Mikkeli.

Duodecim; Laaketieteellinen Aikakauskirja
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Summary

Childhood obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) involves genetic and environmental influences, with common obsessions including contamination and symmetry. Treatment primarily involves cognitive behavior therapy and SSRI medication, with variable long-term outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology

Background:

  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children presents unique challenges.
  • Onset is linked to a complex interplay of genetic predispositions and environmental triggers.
  • OCD often co-occurs with other psychological disorders in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the key aspects of childhood OCD, including its etiology, common manifestations, and treatment.
  • To highlight the typical obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors observed in children.
  • To underscore the importance of integrated treatment approaches.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pediatric OCD.
  • Analysis of reported genetic and environmental risk factors.
  • Synthesis of data on common symptom clusters and co-occurring conditions.
  • Review of established therapeutic interventions.

Main Results:

  • Common obsessions include contamination, harm, symmetry, and exactness.
  • Frequent compulsions involve washing, repeating, checking, counting, arranging, and collecting.
  • A significant proportion of children with OCD experience comorbid disorders.
  • Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) and SSRI medications are primary treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Childhood OCD is multifactorial, with diverse presentations.
  • Effective management relies on tailored therapeutic strategies, often combining CBT and pharmacotherapy.
  • Prognosis varies, with some children achieving full recovery while others experience persistent symptoms into adulthood.