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Related Concept Videos

Caspases01:24

Caspases

Caspase, a family of cysteine proteases, serve as effectors in apoptosis. The ced3 gene in C.elegans was first identified to be involved in apoptosis. This gene encodes the ced-3 caspase that is similar to the interleukin-1-beta converting enzyme or ICE in mammals. In addition to apoptosis, caspases also function in the inflammatory response. Inflammatory caspases are essential in activating pro-inflammatory cytokines that recruit immune cells and block the replication of pathogens inside cells.

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Caspase-3 activity in papillary thyroid carcinomas.

T M Mishunina1, O V Kalinichenko, M D Tronko

  • 1State Institution V.P. Komisarenko Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism of National Academy of Medical Science, Vyshgorodska str. 69, Kyiv 04114, Ukraine. mishunina@list.ru

Experimental Oncology
|January 29, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Caspase-3 activity in papillary thyroid carcinoma decreases with tumor stage and aggressiveness. Early-stage tumors show higher activity than normal thyroid tissue, while advanced stages exhibit reduced activity, indicating its role in spontaneous apoptosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common type of thyroid cancer.
  • Understanding the mechanisms of tumor progression and cell death is crucial for effective treatment strategies.
  • Caspase-3 is a key executioner enzyme in apoptosis, a critical process in cancer development and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate caspase-3 activity in papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues.
  • To correlate caspase-3 activity with clinicopathological features and tumor aggressiveness.
  • To investigate the role of spontaneous apoptosis in PTC progression.

Main Methods:

  • Spectrophotometry was used to quantify caspase-3 activity.
  • The substrate acetyl-asp-glu-val-asp-paranitroanilide was employed for enzyme activity determination.
  • Caspase-3 activity was compared between tumor tissues and normal thyroid tissues, and correlated with tumor stage, metastasis, invasion, and histological subtypes.

Main Results:

  • Caspase-3 activity was higher in early-stage PTC without adverse features compared to normal thyroid tissue.
  • Enzyme activity decreased in more aggressive tumors, particularly those with extrathyroidal extension.
  • A progressive decline in caspase-3 activity was observed with increasing tumor (T) category.
  • Histological subtypes showed variations in caspase-3 activity, with follicular-papillary structures having higher activity than mixed solid-papillary types.

Conclusions:

  • Caspase-3 activity intensity reflects the stage and aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
  • The observed changes in caspase-3 activity suggest its significant role in regulating spontaneous apoptosis in PTC.
  • These findings highlight caspase-3 as a potential biomarker for predicting tumor behavior and patient outcomes.