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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Model of Stroke
Published on: August 11, 2023
Changes in intracortical excitability after transient ischemic attack are associated with ABCD² score
Jodi D Edwards1, Sean K Meehan, Adrian R Levy
1School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, 217-2277 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 2B5 Canada.
Intracortical excitability changes persist after transient ischemic attack (TIA), affecting motor function. These alterations in brain excitability correlate with stroke risk predictors, offering new insights into TIA recovery.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Neurology
- Clinical Neurophysiology
Background:
- Transient ischemic attack (TIA) involves temporary brain ischemia without permanent infarction.
- Post-TIA persistence of intracortical excitability changes and their relation to stroke risk predictors are largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate persistent changes in intracortical excitability after motor TIA.
- To determine if these excitability changes correlate with clinical stroke risk predictors.
Main Methods:
- Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) assessed intracortical excitability in TIA patients and controls.
- Recruitment curves derived inhibition and facilitation thresholds.
- Correlations between hemispheric threshold asymmetries and ABCD(2) scores were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Individuals with TIA exhibited reduced intracortical inhibition and enhanced facilitation in the affected hemisphere.
- These excitability alterations were observed approximately two weeks post-TIA, without structural lesions.
- No significant differences were found in healthy controls.
- Asymmetries in intracortical excitability significantly correlated with ABCD(2) scores.
Conclusions:
- This study provides the first evidence of altered intracortical inhibition and facilitation post-TIA.
- Persistent neurophysiological changes after TIA are linked to clinical stroke risk assessment tools.
- Findings suggest potential biomarkers for stroke risk stratification following TIA.
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