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Updated: Aug 9, 2026
07:54
Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Central Sleep Apnea: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Classification
Clodagh M Ryan1, T Douglas Bradley1
1Division of Respirology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Sleep Research Laboratory, KITE Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G2A2, Canada.
Sleep Medicine Clinics
|August 7, 2026
Summary
Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a rare breathing disorder during sleep, marked by reduced respiratory drive. Understanding its complex causes and improving diagnosis are crucial research areas.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Physiology
- Neurology
Background:
- Central sleep apnea (CSA) is a rare sleep breathing disorder.
- It involves recurrent reductions in respiratory drive and airflow during sleep.
- The pathophysiology is complex and not fully understood, involving respiratory control challenges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline the definition of CSA.
- To describe diagnostic approaches and classification.
- To provide an overview of CSA pathophysiology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on CSA definition.
- Analysis of diagnostic criteria and classification systems.
- Synthesis of current knowledge on CSA pathophysiology.
Main Results:
- CSA is characterized by decreased respiratory effort during sleep.
- Associated conditions include cardiovascular, neurologic, systemic, and genetic factors.
- Further research is needed for improved diagnosis and mechanistic understanding.
Conclusions:
- CSA is a heterogeneous disorder requiring further investigation.
- Understanding its complex pathophysiology is key.
- Improved diagnostic strategies are essential.
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