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Published on: December 6, 2016
Idiopathic Central Sleep Apnea
Sahan Chandrasekara1, Matthew T Naughton2
1Alfred Hospital, 55 Commercial Road, Melbourne, 3004, Victoria, Austrlia.
Sleep Medicine Clinics
|August 7, 2026
Summary
Idiopathic central sleep apnoea (ICSA) is a sleep disorder often seen in older adults. Its long-term effects and treatment effectiveness require further investigation.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Respiratory Medicine
- Cardiology
Background:
- Idiopathic central sleep apnoea (ICSA) is characterized by periodic hyperventilation and central apnoea without a clear cause.
- ICSA typically emerges after age 50 and may be associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
- The natural history and prognostic implications of ICSA remain poorly understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the current understanding of Idiopathic Central Sleep Apnoea (ICSA).
- To emphasize the lack of established long-term treatment protocols for ICSA.
- To guide the diagnostic and management approach for suspected ICSA cases.
Main Methods:
- Literature review on Idiopathic Central Sleep Apnoea (ICSA).
- Analysis of existing data regarding ICSA natural history and prognostic factors.
- Clinical guideline development for suspected ICSA.
Main Results:
- Idiopathic Central Sleep Apnoea (ICSA) is a condition with unclear etiology and natural progression.
- Long-term suppressive treatment efficacy for ICSA is not well-established.
- Cardiovascular risk factors may coexist with ICSA.
Conclusions:
- Patients with suspected ICSA require thorough evaluation for underlying conditions.
- Ongoing symptom monitoring is crucial for managing ICSA.
- Referral to specialized sleep centers is recommended for complex ICSA cases.
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