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A Rapidly Incremented Tethered-Swimming Maximal Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Assessment of Swimmers

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Pacing patterns in competitive rowing adopted in different race categories.

Thomas Muehlbauer¹, Thomas Melges

¹Institute of Exercise and Health Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. thomas.muehlbauer@unibas.ch

Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research

|January 29, 2011

Summary

Rowing race pacing differs between heats and finals. Heats show a linear increase in speed, while finals exhibit a parabolic pattern, especially in team boats, suggesting strategic energy conservation.

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Area of Science:

Sports Science
Biomechanics
Rowing Performance Analysis

Background:

Understanding pacing strategies is crucial for optimizing performance in elite rowing.
Previous research has explored pacing in various endurance sports, but specific patterns in rowing across different boat classes and race stages require further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To analyze time distribution and pacing patterns in 2,000-meter heavyweight rowing races.
To determine if pacing strategies differ between single and team boat classes.
To assess variations in pacing between qualifying heats and finals.

Main Methods:

Analysis of data from seven World Rowing Championships (2001-2009).
Statistical analysis using analyses of variance with repeated measures on 500-meter quarter times.
Modeling pacing patterns using linear and quadratic trend lines.

Main Results:

Heat races showed a linear pacing pattern (positive slope) for both women (η² = 0.76) and men (η² = 0.68).
Final races demonstrated a quadratic (parabolic) pacing pattern for women (η² = 0.81) and men (η² = 0.60).
Single scullers exhibited linear pacing, while team boats showed similar fits for both linear and quadratic models, indicating a potential absence of a final "spurt" in some categories.

Conclusions:

Pacing strategies in rowing are significantly influenced by race stage (heats vs. finals) and boat class.
The parabolic pattern in finals suggests a strategic approach to energy management, potentially conserving effort in heats.
Individual physiological status appears critical in determining pacing and speed decline in single scullers.