Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 4, 2026

09:14
A Mouse Model of Ankle-Subtalar Complex Joint Instability
Published on: October 28, 2022
Chronic ankle and subtalar joint instability in the athlete
Matthew J Hentges1, Michael S Lee
1College of Podiatric Medicine and Surgery, Des Moines University, 3000 Grand Avenue, Des Moines, IA, USA.
Clinics in Podiatric Medicine and Surgery
|February 1, 2011
Summary
Chronic ankle and subtalar joint instability requires accurate diagnosis through patient history and various techniques. Rehabilitation is crucial before considering surgical reconstruction for these common conditions.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedics
- Sports Medicine
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Chronic ankle and subtalar joint (STJ) instability is a prevalent clinical issue.
- Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective patient management and treatment planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To outline diagnostic approaches for chronic ankle and STJ instability.
- To emphasize the importance of patient history in diagnosis.
- To highlight the role of conservative management before surgical intervention.
Main Methods:
- Review of diagnostic techniques for ankle and STJ instability.
- Emphasis on clinical evaluation and patient history taking.
- Discussion of non-operative treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- Multiple diagnostic techniques exist for evaluating ankle and STJ instability.
- Patient history is a critical component of the diagnostic process.
- Conservative rehabilitation is a primary treatment modality.
Conclusions:
- A thorough patient history is paramount in diagnosing chronic ankle and STJ instability.
- Various diagnostic tools aid in identifying the pathologic condition.
- Aggressive rehabilitation should precede surgical reconstruction in most cases.
Related Concept Videos
Ankle Joint
The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
Bones of the Lower Limb: Tibia and Fibula
The tibia is the main weight-bearing bone of the lower leg. It is larger than the fibula with which it is paired. The tibia is also the second longest bone in the body and is located right below the skin. The proximal end of the tibia forms the medial and the lateral condyle, which articulates with the condyles of the femur to form the knee joint. Between the articulating surfaces is the irregular elevated area known as the intercondylar eminence that serves as the inferior attachment point for...
Muscles of the Leg that Move the Foot and Toes
The human leg comprises an intricate system of muscles that facilitate the movement of feet and toes. Within this system, the muscles are categorized into the anterior, lateral, and posterior compartments, each with a unique set of muscles carrying out specific functions.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment includes muscles that contribute to the dorsiflexion of the foot. This compartment houses the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus muscles.

