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Related Concept Videos

Esophageal Achalasia01:27

Esophageal Achalasia

Esophageal achalasia is a chronic neurogenic disorder characterized by impaired relaxation of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and absent or ineffective peristalsis in the distal esophagus. This leads to a functional obstruction without a physical blockage, despite significant disruption of esophageal motility.EtiologyAchalasia is caused by degeneration of the myenteric (Auerbach's) plexus, specifically the loss of inhibitory ganglion cells that produce vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)...
Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:21

Aneurysm II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Thoracic, aortic arch and abdominal aneurysms are significant vascular conditions that can present with various clinical manifestations and lead to serious complications. Understanding these manifestations and the appropriate diagnostic studies is essential for effective management and treatment.Thoracic Aortic AneurysmsThoracic aortic aneurysms often remain asymptomatic until they reach a size that impinges on adjacent structures. They typically cause deep, diffuse chest pain that radiates to...
Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:21

Barrett Esophagus-II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
To diagnose Barrett's esophagus, healthcare providers often recommend an endoscopy for those showing symptoms of acid reflux. The procedure entails...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology01:17

Gastritis-II: Pathophysiology

Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
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Related Experiment Videos

Sarcoidosis presenting as imploding antrum syndrome.

Shahrnaz Izadi1, Ramona Khooshabeh

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Mandeville Road, Aylesbury.

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|February 2, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Imploding antrum syndrome, a rare condition, can result from sarcoidosis. Chronic sinus inflammation from sarcoidosis causes bone erosion, leading to facial asymmetry and epiphora.

Area of Science:

  • Otorhinolaryngology
  • Pulmonology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease.
  • Imploding antrum syndrome is a rare condition characterized by the inward collapse of the maxillary sinus walls.

Observation:

  • A male patient presented with facial asymmetry and epiphora.
  • Computerised tomography revealed characteristic features suggestive of imploding antrum syndrome.

Findings:

  • Diagnosis confirmed by elevated serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) levels and histopathological findings.
  • Chronic inflammation in sinus cavities due to sarcoidosis led to osteolysis of sinus walls.

Implications:

  • This case highlights a potential link between sarcoidosis and imploding antrum syndrome.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Understanding this association can aid in diagnosing and managing patients with unexplained facial asymmetry and sinus issues.