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Hard and soft tissue changes after crestal and subcrestal immediate implant placement
Richard U Koh1, Tae-Ju Oh, Ivan Rudek
1Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
Journal of Periodontology
|February 3, 2011
Summary
Immediate dental implant placement is predictable, with a 96% survival rate. Implant position (crestal vs. subcrestal) did not significantly impact bone or soft tissue changes, but facial plate thickness and defect depth influenced outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Dental Implantology
- Periodontology
- Oral Surgery
Background:
- Assessing immediate implant placement outcomes.
- Evaluating laser-microtextured collar implant designs.
- Investigating crestal bone and soft tissue level changes.
Purpose of the Study:
- Determine the influence of implant placement level on crestal bone and soft tissue outcomes.
- Assess vertical and horizontal defect fill.
- Identify factors affecting immediate implant placement success.
Main Methods:
- 24 patients received immediate implants for hopeless teeth.
- Implants placed at palatal crest or 1 mm subcrestally.
- Clinical parameters (keratinized gingival width/thickness, defect depth, bone levels) and soft tissue profiles assessed over 12 months.
Main Results:
- 95.8% implant success rate at 4 months.
- Subcrestal placement showed greater tissue thickness gain than crestal.
- Facial plate thickness ≤1.5 mm and horizontal defect depth ≥2 mm correlated with marginal bone loss.
Conclusions:
- Immediate implant placement is predictable with high survival rates.
- Implant placement level (crestal vs. subcrestal) did not significantly alter bone/soft tissue changes.
- Thick facial bone plate, small gaps, and premolar sites favor successful immediate implant outcomes.