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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
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Human postmortem device retrieval and analysis--orthopaedic, cardiovascular, and dental systems.

J Lemons1, B Brott, A Eberhardt

  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Jack.Lemons@ortho.uab.edu

Journal of Long-Term Effects of Medical Implants
|February 3, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Decades of implant analysis reveal patient health, not device technology, most often causes revision surgery. Multidisciplinary studies of cardiovascular, dental, and orthopedic implants continue to improve device longevity and patient care.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Medical Device Engineering
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • Analysis of explanted medical devices and clinical data over decades informs device performance.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration between basic science and clinical studies is crucial for understanding device outcomes.
  • Most implant revisions are linked to patient-specific factors like health and compliance, rather than device technology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize findings from ongoing and completed multidisciplinary studies on cardiovascular, dental, and orthopedic implant systems.
  • To evaluate the performance and longevity of various implantable devices based on retrieved samples and clinical data.
  • To identify factors influencing implant success and failure to improve future healthcare outcomes.

Main Methods:

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  • Analysis of explanted devices (stents, dental implants, total joint replacements) from revision surgeries and postmortem donors.
  • Correlating physical and biological findings from retrieved devices with clinical records and prior laboratory investigations.
  • Reviewing long-term performance data for devices, including cobalt alloy dental implants and zirconia orthopedic components.

Main Results:

  • Endovascular stents showed fretting and corrosion, with some element transfer to tissues; further studies are needed to assess clinical significance.
  • Long-term (10+ years) dental implants demonstrated good tissue integration and stability, correlating with prior lab data.
  • Orthopedic total joint arthroplasties revealed limitations with zirconia surfaces and implantation damage, leading to technique modifications and improved bone fixation.

Conclusions:

  • Patient health and compliance are primary drivers of implant revision, with fewer issues directly tied to device technology.
  • Multidisciplinary analysis of implant retrieval provides valuable insights that have improved device design and longevity.
  • Continued investigation into implant performance, considering both biological and technological factors, is essential for advancing healthcare.