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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
Published on: July 4, 2018
Quality assurance and assessment in pain management
Anita Gupta1, Michael Ashburn, Jane Ballantyne
1Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Penn Pain Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Second Floor Tuttleman Building, 1840 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19146, USA. Anita.Gupta@uphs.upenn.edu
Abstract:
Relief from pain is itself a marker of high-quality medical care. Quality assurance in the case of pain management could simply mean successful elimination of pain. Because the means of controlling pain are imperfect, it is essential to consider whether pain interventions actually achieve the primary goal of pain relief and also whether they are safe, cost-effective, and even capable of producing secondary benefits such as early recovery from surgery. Quality assurance and assessment in pain management therefore becomes a complex undertaking that must incorporate into its processes the often-conflicting goals of comfort versus safety versus patients' rights.
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