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Oral cancer.

S J Gerson1

  • 1Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago 60680.

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology and Medicine : an Official Publication of the American Association of Oral Biologists
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
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It is time to move on.....

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Oral cancer, a significant health concern in the U.S., is strongly linked to tobacco and alcohol use. Risk factors include viral infections, poor oral health, and immune system issues, affecting males and Black populations disproportionately.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Oral cancer represents 2.1% of all U.S. cancers and 1% of cancer deaths.
  • Incidence and mortality are higher in males and Black populations, with increasing rates in recent years.
  • Etiology is multifactorial, involving lifestyle, infectious agents, and host susceptibility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and etiology of oral cancer.
  • To identify key risk factors and cellular changes associated with oral cancer.
  • To compare human oral cancer with experimental models.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of etiological factors including tobacco, alcohol, viral, and host factors.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of cellular alterations and experimental models.

    • Main Results:

    • Tobacco and alcohol are primary etiological agents.
    • Herpes simplex virus, human papilloma virus, and Candida are implicated.
    • Host factors include poor dentition, nutritional issues, liver cirrhosis, lichen planus, and immunodeficiency.
    • Cellular changes involve oncogene amplification and altered protein production.
    • Experimental models show exophytic lesions that rarely metastasize, differing from human oral cancer.

    Conclusions:

    • Oral cancer is a complex disease with multiple contributing factors.
    • Understanding these factors is crucial for prevention and early detection strategies.
    • Experimental models provide insights but differ in metastatic behavior from human disease.