Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
10:03

Evaluation of Right Ventricular Function in Experimental Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Published on: June 27, 2025

Initial left-ventricular mass predicts probability of uncontrolled blood pressure in arterial hypertension

Raffaele Izzo1, Giovanni de Simone, Richard B Devereux

  • 1Department of Clinical Medicine, Cardiovascular and Immunological Sciences, Federico II University, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Federico II University Hospital, Naples, Italy.

Journal of Hypertension
|February 8, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Initial left-ventricular mass (LVM) predicts uncontrolled blood pressure (BP) in treated hypertension patients. Higher LVM increases the odds of poor BP control, regardless of other risk factors or medications.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Left-ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) signifies organ damage in hypertension and aids cardiovascular risk stratification.
  • Initial left-ventricular mass (LVM) predicts hypertension progression, independent of blood pressure (BP) and confounders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if baseline LVM influences BP control in treated hypertensive patients.
  • Investigate the relationship between initial LVM and the risk of uncontrolled BP.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 4693 treated hypertensive outpatients was analyzed.
  • Risk of uncontrolled BP (>140/90 mmHg despite ≥2 medications) was assessed relative to baseline LVM.
  • Multivariate analyses controlled for age, sex, metabolic parameters, and antihypertensive medications.

Main Results:

  • 48% of patients had uncontrolled BP.
  • Patients with initial LVH exhibited higher rates of uncontrolled BP (56% vs. 44%).
  • Increased LVM index, higher systolic BP, BMI, heart rate, and diabetes prevalence independently predicted uncontrolled BP.

Conclusions:

  • Baseline LVM is a significant predictor of uncontrolled BP in treated hypertensive individuals.
  • LVM's predictive value for uncontrolled BP is independent of major risk factors and current antihypertensive therapy.
  • Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers were associated with a lower risk of uncontrolled BP.
Abstract

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure01:10

Pre-Procedural Guidelines for Assessing Blood Pressure

Accurate blood pressure assessment is crucial for diagnosing and managing various health conditions. To ensure the reliability of these measurements, healthcare professionals must adhere to standardized pre-procedural guidelines. These guidelines enhance patient safety and improve the overall quality of healthcare. The following steps are essential for obtaining accurate and consistent blood pressure readings, from using the appropriate tools to ensuring effective communication with the patient.
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Blood Pressure01:24

Blood Pressure

The movement of blood in a human body, commonly referred to as blood flow, is determined by the volume of blood that traverses a certain section of the bodily system per unit time. It is the rhythmic contraction of the heart's ventricles that primarily instigates this movement. As the ventricles contract, blood is forced into the prominent arteries, which then flow from areas of greater pressure to lower pressure areas. This movement continues into smaller arteries and arterioles and...
Blood Pressure01:30

Blood Pressure

Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure or force of blood exerted on the artery's walls as it circulates through the body. It is essential for maintaining blood flow throughout the body.
The average BP in an adult is typically around 120/80 mmHg (millimeters of mercury). In this measurement, the numerator (120) indicates the systolic pressure, which is the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the heart's ventricles as blood is expelled. The denominator (80) represents the diastolic...
Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...