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Related Concept Videos

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Serum Laboratory Studies, Stool Test, Breath Test

Gastrointestinal (GI) diagnostic studies are pivotal in confirming, ruling out, diagnosing, or staging various diseases, including cancers. Following diagnosis, allocating time for discussions with the patient and providing informational resources is crucial. Diagnostic assessments of the GI tract often occur in outpatient settings like endoscopy suites or GI labs. Preparation for these tests may include dietary restrictions, fasting, liquid bowel preparations, laxatives, enemas, and the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer
06:51

Utilizing 18F-FDG PET/CT Imaging and Quantitative Histology to Measure Dynamic Changes in the Glucose Metabolism in Mouse Models of Lung Cancer

Published on: July 21, 2018

Pathological diagnosis and tumor markers.

Massimo Milione1, Ettore Seregni

  • 1Dipartimento di Patologia e Diagnostica di Laboratorio, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Tumori
|February 10, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are increasing, requiring accurate diagnosis. Chromogranin A (CgA) is the primary biomarker for diagnosing NETs, assessing treatment response, and detecting recurrence.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pathology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) of the lung and digestive system show rising incidence and prevalence.
  • Accurate histopathological diagnosis is crucial due to the heterogeneity of NETs.
  • Diagnostic steps include identifying neuroendocrine nature, grading, and determining primary site.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of histopathological diagnosis in managing NETs.
  • To discuss laboratory biomarkers for gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.
  • To emphasize the role of chromogranin A (CgA) in NET diagnosis and management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic techniques for NETs.
  • Analysis of laboratory biomarkers, including specific and non-specific markers.

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  • Evaluation of chromogranin A (CgA) as a diagnostic and monitoring tool.

    • Main Results:

    • Chromogranin A (CgA) is the most sensitive and frequently used biomarker for NET diagnosis.
    • CgA demonstrates utility in assessing treatment response.
    • CgA serves as an indicator for tumor recurrence.

    Conclusions:

    • Accurate histopathological diagnosis is fundamental for effective NET treatment.
    • Chromogranin A (CgA) is the current gold standard biomarker for NET diagnosis and management.
    • Continued research into NET biomarkers is essential.