Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty
10:03

Coronary Progenitor Cells and Soluble Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Prognosis after Coronary Angioplasty

Published on: January 28, 2020

Inflammatory Markers Associated with Coronary Heart Disease in Persons with HIV Infection

Carl J Fichtenbaum1

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 231 Albert Sabin Way, PO Box 670560, Cincinnati, OH, 45267-0560, USA, Carl.fichtenbaum@uc.edu.

Current Infectious Disease Reports
|February 11, 2011
PubMed

Insights

HIV infection causes chronic inflammation, increasing coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. Antiretroviral therapy may not fully suppress this inflammation, highlighting the importance of monitoring CHD biomarkers in HIV patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a chronic inflammatory condition.
  • HIV infection is linked to chronic inflammation and elevated CHD risk markers.
  • Antiretroviral therapy (ART) may not fully resolve inflammation in HIV patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review biomarkers of inflammation associated with CHD development in HIV-infected individuals.
  • To discuss the impact of ART on CHD risk and inflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on CHD, HIV, inflammation, and biomarkers.
  • Analysis of studies investigating inflammatory mediators (e.g., IL-6, D-dimer) in HIV-positive individuals.
  • Examination of the association between specific ART agents and cardiovascular events.

Main Results:

  • HIV infection elevates CHD risk biomarkers even with controlled viral replication.
  • The SMART study linked ART interruption to increased mortality and CHD events.
  • Certain ART drugs (e.g., abacavir) may increase myocardial infarction risk and inflammatory markers.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic inflammation in HIV contributes to increased CHD risk.
  • Monitoring inflammatory biomarkers is crucial for managing cardiovascular health in HIV patients.
  • Further research is needed to optimize ART strategies for reducing CHD risk in HIV.

More Related Videos

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals06:46

Isolation of Exosomes from the Plasma of HIV-1 Positive Individuals

Published on: January 5, 2016

Related Concept Videos

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers01:19

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System II: CRP, Hcy, and Cardiac Natriuretic Peptide Markers

Cardiac biomarkers are critical in diagnosing, prognosing, and managing cardiovascular diseases. Routine measurement of specific biomarkers such as B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and homocysteine (Hcy) is common practice in clinical settings to evaluate heart function and predict cardiovascular events.
These markers indicate stress or strain on the heart muscle:
Natriuretic Peptides (BNP)
Cardiac myocytes produce these hormones in response to ventricular stretching...
Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations01:30

Coronary Artery Disease III: Clinical Manifestations

Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is a primary health risk worldwide, leading to significant morbidity and mortality. The condition arises from the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques within the coronary arteries, resulting in diminished blood supply to the heart muscle.The clinical manifestations of CAD vary widely, from asymptomatic stages to severe, life-threatening conditions. Understanding these manifestations is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management.Angina Pectoris: The Warning...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers01:20

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System I: Cardiac Biomarkers

Cardiac biomarkers are enzymes, proteins, and hormones released into the blood when cardiac cells are injured. They are powerful tools for triaging.
The essential diagnostic tools for detecting myocardial necrosis and monitoring individuals suspected of having acute coronary syndrome (ACS) include:
Troponins
Troponins, particularly cardiac troponins I and T, are the most precise and sensitive markers of myocardial injury. They are detectable within 4-6 hours of myocardial injury and remain...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...
Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

Diagnosing acute coronary syndrome or ACS begins with a thorough patient history. Notable symptoms include central, crushing chest pain radiating to the left arm, neck, jaw, or back, along with shortness of breath, sweating (diaphoresis), nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and palpitations.It is crucial to note any history of cardiac illnesses and assess risk factors, including age, gender, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and a sedentary lifestyle.During physical examination, vital...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...