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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...
Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:27

Myocarditis II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

Myocarditis is an inflammation of the heart muscle. The symptoms vary widely, encompassing asymptomatic presentations to severe, acute manifestations.Clinical PresentationAsymptomatic cases: In some instances, myocarditis may be asymptomatic, with the infection resolving without intervention. These cases often go undetected unless discovered incidentally through diagnostic imaging or tests conducted for other reasons.General Early Symptoms: Early symptoms of myocarditis are non-specific and can...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Detection of Anti-MDA5 Autoantibodies Using HeLa Cells and Immunocytochemistry with Light Microscopy
10:55

Detection of Anti-MDA5 Autoantibodies Using HeLa Cells and Immunocytochemistry with Light Microscopy

Published on: October 31, 2025

Juvenile dermatomyositis.

Michelle Batthish1, Brian M Feldman

  • 1Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1X8, Canada.

Current Rheumatology Reports
|February 12, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare childhood autoimmune disease causing muscle weakness and skin rashes. Early, aggressive treatment improves outcomes and prevents complications like calcinosis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Detection of Anti-MDA5 Autoantibodies Using HeLa Cells and Immunocytochemistry with Light Microscopy
10:55

Detection of Anti-MDA5 Autoantibodies Using HeLa Cells and Immunocytochemistry with Light Microscopy

Published on: October 31, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Rheumatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disease affecting children.
  • It presents with proximal muscle weakness and characteristic skin rashes.
  • The exact cause is unknown but may involve vasculopathy triggered by environmental factors in genetically susceptible individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the key features and treatment goals for JDM.
  • To emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention.
  • To discuss the variable disease course and potential complications.

Main Methods:

  • This abstract summarizes current understanding of JDM etiology, clinical presentation, and management strategies.
  • It reviews treatment goals, including controlling inflammation and preventing complications.
  • It highlights the impact of treatment timing on prognosis.

Main Results:

  • Delayed treatment in JDM can lead to poorer outcomes, including increased risk of contractures and calcinosis.
  • Approximately one-third of patients experience a monocyclic disease course with a good response to standard therapy.
  • Early recognition and aggressive immunosuppressive treatment are associated with improved prognosis.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of JDM requires prompt diagnosis and aggressive immunosuppressive therapy.
  • Timely intervention is crucial for preventing long-term complications and improving the disease course.
  • Understanding the variable nature of JDM is essential for tailored patient care.