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Antiinflammatory constituents from Eclipta prostrata using RAW264.7 macrophage cells
Supinya Tewtrakul1, Sanan Subhadhirasakul, Pimpimon Tansakul
1Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand. supinyat@yahoo.com.
Phytotherapy Research : PTR
|February 12, 2011
Summary
Eclipta prostrata extract and its compound orobol show significant anti-inflammatory effects by reducing nitric oxide and prostaglandin E2 release. Orolbol also down-regulates key inflammatory gene expression, supporting its traditional medicinal use.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Chemistry
- Immunology
Background:
- Eclipta prostrata is traditionally used for inflammatory conditions.
- Inflammation involves mediators like nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
- RAW264.7 macrophage cells are a standard model for studying inflammatory responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of Eclipta prostrata whole plant extract and its isolated compounds.
- To investigate the mechanism of action of the most active compound on mRNA expression.
- To provide scientific evidence for the traditional use of Eclipta prostrata in managing inflammatory diseases.
Main Methods:
- Testing Eclipta prostrata extract and isolated compounds for anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.
- Quantifying nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) release.
- Analyzing the effect of the active compound on inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) mRNA expression.
Main Results:
- The isolated compound orobol (5) demonstrated potent inhibition of NO release (IC50 = 4.6 μm) and moderate inhibition of PGE2 release (IC50 = 49.6 μm).
- Compounds 1, 2, and 4 also showed activity against NO release.
- Orolbol was inactive against TNF-α release and was found to down-regulate iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression in a concentration-dependent manner.
Conclusions:
- Orolbol is the primary active anti-inflammatory compound isolated from Eclipta prostrata.
- The anti-inflammatory mechanism of orobol involves the down-regulation of iNOS and COX-2 gene expression.
- These findings scientifically validate the traditional application of Eclipta prostrata for treating inflammatory disorders.