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Regional differences in the listener's phonemic inventory affect semantic processing: A mismatch negativity (MMN)

Angèle Brunellière1, Sophie Dufour, Noël Nguyen

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Regional accents impact spoken word recognition. Standard French speakers differentiate vowel sounds, unlike Southern French speakers, showing accent influences lexical access.

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Area of Science:

  • Psycholinguistics
  • Neuroscience of Language
  • Phonetics

Background:

  • Vowel sounds /e/ and /ε/ are contrastive in Standard French but merged in Southern French.
  • Spoken word recognition involves accessing lexical meaning based on auditory input.
  • The mismatch negativity (MMN) response is a neurophysiological measure sensitive to phonetic discrimination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how Standard French and Southern French speakers' regional accents affect lexical access for words differing in final /e/ vs. /ε/ vowels.
  • To explore the neural correlates of spoken word recognition in relation to regional phonetic variations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized the mismatch negativity (MMN) response measured via electroencephalography (EEG).
  • Compared brain responses between Standard French and Southern French speakers.
  • Analyzed MMN amplitudes at frontocentral (FC) and right lateral (RL) recording sites following deviant-minus-standard subtractions for words ending in /e/ or /ε/.

Main Results:

  • Standard French speakers showed differential MMN amplitudes between FC and RL sites for final-/ε/ words, indicating phonemic processing.
  • No significant differences in MMN amplitudes between recording sites were observed for Standard French speakers with final-/e/ words.
  • Southern French speakers did not exhibit significant variations in MMN amplitudes based on the final vowel, suggesting a different processing strategy.

Conclusions:

  • Native regional accent significantly influences spoken word recognition and lexical meaning access.
  • The brain's processing of phonemic contrasts is modulated by the speaker's dialectal background.
  • Findings highlight the role of regional phonetic variations in the neurocognitive mechanisms of language processing.