Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Doppler Effect - II01:05

Doppler Effect - II

4.4K
The Doppler effect has several practical, real-world applications. For instance, meteorologists use Doppler radars to interpret weather events based on the Doppler effect. Typically, a transmitter emits radio waves at a specific frequency toward the sky from a weather station. The radio waves bounce off the clouds and precipitation and travel back to the weather station. The radio frequency of the waves reflected back to the station appears to decrease if the clouds or precipitation are moving...
4.4K
Speed of a Transverse Wave01:13

Speed of a Transverse Wave

3.8K
The speed of a wave depends on the characteristics of the medium. For example, in the case of a guitar, the strings vibrate to produce the sound. The speed of the waves on the strings and the wavelength determine the frequency of the sound produced. The strings on a guitar have different thicknesses but may be made of similar material. They have different linear densities, and the linear density is defined as the mass per length.
One of the key properties of any wave is the wave speed. Light...
3.8K
Auditory Perception01:17

Auditory Perception

1.0K
The auditory system is essential for sound perception, utilizing various critical structures. When sound waves enter the outer ear, they travel through the ear canal and cause the eardrum to vibrate. These vibrations are then transmitted to the middle ear, where three tiny bones – the malleus, incus, and stapes – amplify the sound. This amplification is crucial, as it ensures that the sound vibrations are strong enough to be conveyed to the inner ear. These vibrations then reach the...
1.0K
Auditory Pathway01:15

Auditory Pathway

7.1K
Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...
7.1K
Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes02:42

Transcription Attenuation in Prokaryotes

18.1K
Transcriptional attenuation occurs when RNA transcription is prematurely terminated due to the formation of a terminator mRNA hairpin structure.  Bacteria use these hairpins to regulate the transcription process and control the synthesis of several amino acids including histidine, lysine, threonine, and phenylalanine. Transcription attenuation takes place in the non-coding regions of mRNA.
There are several different mechanisms used to attenuate transcription. In ribosome mediated...
18.1K
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

3.4K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
3.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

On the impact of adjacency on transposed-word effects under serial presentation.

Journal of experimental psychology. Learning, memory, and cognition·2026
Same author

The impact of social interaction on abstract concepts.

Psychonomic bulletin & review·2026
Same author

Effects of flanker size and flanker eccentricity on the spatial integration of orthographic information.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

The impact of case changes on transposed-word effects.

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

Effects of Duration and Lexicality on Voicing Identification of Whispered Fricatives.

Journal of psycholinguistic research·2026
Same author

Interacting with a speaker from a different French region: What is the impact on word recognition?

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America·2026
Same journal

Error Cancellation During Early Task Performance.

Experimental psychology·2026
Same journal

Test Format Matching Moderates the Forward Testing Effect.

Experimental psychology·2026
Same journal

Affective-Motivational Task Content and Stimulus Size Modulate Cognitive Control in Task Switching.

Experimental psychology·2026
Same journal

The Effect of Violent Virtual Avatar Experience on Players' Response Inhibition to Angry Expressions and Its Cognitive Neural Mechanisms.

Experimental psychology·2026
Same journal

Same Person, Different Personality?

Experimental psychology·2026
Same journal

Competition Matters!

Experimental psychology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

808

Transposed-Word Effects in the Auditory Modality Also Occur With a Slow Speech Rate.

Sophie Dufour1,2, Jonathan Mirault3,4, Jonathan Grainger2,3

  • 1CNRS, LPL, UMR 7309, Aix-Marseille Université, Aix-en-Provence, France.

Experimental Psychology
|October 23, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Slowing speech rate did not reduce transposed-word effects in auditory grammatical decisions. This finding challenges the idea that slower speech enhances word-order encoding and impacts response times.

Keywords:
auditory grammatical decisionslow speech ratetransposed-word effects

More Related Videos

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.8K
Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
12:09

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

19.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 14, 2026

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody
09:09

Foreign Accent and Forensic Speaker Identification in Voice Lineups: The Influence of Acoustic Features Based on Prosody

Published on: September 27, 2024

808
Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
05:38

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology

Published on: June 29, 2021

2.8K
Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
12:09

Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

Published on: June 14, 2014

19.6K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics
  • Auditory Perception

Background:

  • Transposed-word (TW) effects, where word order influences sentence processing, are well-documented.
  • Previous visual studies suggested serial presentation might reduce TW effects, particularly in response times (RTs).
  • Hypotheses proposed that slower speech rates could enhance word-order encoding precision, diminishing TW effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate transposed-word (TW) effects in auditory grammatical decision tasks.
  • To test the hypothesis that a slow speech rate diminishes TW effects by enhancing word-order encoding.
  • To compare auditory findings with previous visual modality research.

Main Methods:

  • Auditory stimuli were presented at a slow speech rate within a grammatical decision task.
  • Transposed-word stimuli were used to elicit TW effects.
  • Response times (RTs) and error rates were recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Significant transposed-word (TW) effects were observed in both response times (RTs) and error rates.
  • Contrary to the hypothesis, a slower speech rate did not eliminate TW effects in RTs.
  • The findings suggest that enhanced word-order encoding does not solely explain the absence of TW effects in RTs in visual studies.

Conclusions:

  • Slower auditory speech rates do not diminish transposed-word (TW) effects in response times.
  • The precision of word-order encoding may not be the sole factor influencing TW effects in RTs.
  • Auditory processing of word order differs from visual processing, even under slowed presentation conditions.