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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Echocardiographic Assessment Using Subxiphoid-Only Examination for Hypotensive Patients
Published on: April 18, 2025
Exercise hemodynamics in valvular heart disease
1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, Cardiovascular Center, SPC 2344, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-5853, USA. amanion@med.umich.edu
Abstract:
Exercise hemodynamics play an important role in the evaluation and management of patients with both severe stenotic or regurgitant valve lesions. Exercise testing in patients with valvular heart disease can help to unmask latent symptoms and define the timing of surgical intervention. Additionally, exercise-induced hemodynamics are an important tool to assess prosthetic valve function. This review summarizes both background literature and recent publications that assess the use of exercise hemodynamics in the evaluation and management of valvular heart disease.
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