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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction01:07

Electron Microscope Tomography and Single-particle Reconstruction

Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) can be used to determine the 3D structure of biological samples with the help of techniques such as electron microscope tomography and single-particle reconstruction. While single-particle reconstruction can examine macromolecules and macromolecular complexes in vitro conditions only, tomography permits the study of cell components or small cells in vivo.
Electron Tomography
Electron tomography can be performed either in TEM or STEM (scanning transmission...

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Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Advancing High-Resolution Imaging of Virus Assemblies in Liquid and Ice
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Electron cryomicroscopy and computer image processing techniques : use in structure-function studies of rotavirus.

B V Venkataram Prasad1, M K Estes

  • 1Verna and Marrs Department of Biochemistry and W. M. Keck Center for Computational Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX.

Methods in Molecular Medicine
|February 15, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Rotavirus (RV), a double-stranded RNA virus, is a significant human pathogen extensively studied for its genetic makeup and variability. Research has elucidated its structure, replication, and pathogenesis, aiding in understanding its antigenic diversity.

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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

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Published on: September 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Rotavirus (RV) is a complex, nonenveloped icosahedral virus belonging to the Reoviridae family, recognized as a major human pathogen.
  • Extensive research has been conducted on RV using advanced molecular genetic and biological techniques.
  • Studies have provided foundational knowledge on RV's gene coding, protein processing, replication, morphogenesis, and pathogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail the molecular genetic and biological studies on Rotavirus.
  • To elucidate the antigenic and genetic variability of Rotaviruses at a molecular level.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized modern molecular genetic and biological techniques for extensive study.
  • Conducted molecular epidemiological studies.
  • Characterized neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).
  • Sequenced genes encoding neutralizing antigens.

Main Results:

  • Gained basic information on gene-coding assignments, protein processing, genome expression, replication, viral morphogenesis, and pathogenesis.
  • Achieved a molecular-level understanding of Rotavirus antigenic and genetic variability.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus research has yielded fundamental insights into its biology and pathogenesis.
  • Molecular studies, including epidemiology and antibody characterization, are crucial for understanding Rotavirus diversity.