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Related Concept Videos

Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Notch Signaling Pathway03:14

Notch Signaling Pathway

The Notch signaling pathway is a major intracellular signaling pathway that is highly conserved over a broad spectrum of metazoan species. It stands unique from other intracellular signaling mechanisms in animals because notch protein itself acts as the receptor as well as the primary signaling molecule.
The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
Autocrine Signaling in Macrophages
Under normal physiological conditions, autocrine signaling is essential for maintaining homeostasis. This process is well characterized in...
Autocrine Signaling01:01

Autocrine Signaling

Autocrine signaling is one of the many signaling mechanisms that function inside multicellular organisms to carry out intercellular communication. In this type of signaling mechanism, the same cell that secretes an extracellular signaling molecule also expresses the receptors to bind and respond to that signaling molecule.
Autocrine Signaling in Macrophages
Under normal physiological conditions, autocrine signaling is essential for maintaining homeostasis. This process is well characterized in...
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.
Endocrine Signaling01:45

Endocrine Signaling

Endocrine cells produce hormones to communicate with remote target cells found in other organs. The hormone reaches these distant areas using the circulatory system. This exposes the whole organism to the hormone but only those cells expressing hormone receptors or target cells are affected. Thus, endocrine signaling induces slow responses from its target cells but these effects also last longer.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

Monitoring On-Target Signaling Responses in Larval Zebrafish - Z-REX Unmasks Precise Mechanisms of Electrophilic Drugs and Metabolites
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Monitoring On-Target Signaling Responses in Larval Zebrafish - Z-REX Unmasks Precise Mechanisms of Electrophilic Drugs and Metabolites

Published on: June 2, 2023

Signalling: REX rules.

Nicola McCarthy

    Nature Reviews. Cancer
    |February 17, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The guanine nucleotide exchange factor PREX1 links tyrosine kinase receptors and GPCRs to RAC1 activation. This pathway is crucial for cellular signaling and function.

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    Expression, Purification, and Liposome Binding of Budding Yeast SNX-BAR Heterodimers

    Published on: December 6, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Cellular Biology
    • Signal Transduction
    • Molecular Mechanisms

    Background:

    • The small GTPase RAC1 is a key regulator of diverse cellular processes, including cell motility, proliferation, and survival.
    • Activation of RAC1 is tightly controlled by Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors (GEFs).
    • PREX1 (PH and REM homology domain-containing protein 1) is a known GEF for RAC1, but its upstream regulatory inputs are not fully elucidated.

    Discussion:

    • This study investigates the role of PREX1 as an integrator of signaling pathways.
    • We demonstrate that PREX1 bridges signals originating from both tyrosine kinase receptors (TKRs) and G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs).
    • This integration allows for a coordinated cellular response to diverse extracellular stimuli.

    Key Insights:

    • PREX1 functions as a critical signaling hub, connecting TKR and GPCR pathways.
    • Activation of RAC1 by PREX1 is modulated by signals from both receptor types.
    • This finding reveals a novel mechanism for crosstalk between RTK and GPCR signaling networks.

    Outlook:

    • Further research will explore the downstream effectors of PREX1-mediated RAC1 activation in different cellular contexts.
    • Understanding this integration mechanism may offer new therapeutic targets for diseases involving aberrant cell signaling.
    • Investigating the structural basis of PREX1's interaction with activated TKRs and GPCRs is warranted.