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Related Concept Videos

Interference and Diffraction02:18

Interference and Diffraction

Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference01:25

Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy: Interference

Interference leads to systematic error in atomic absorption (AA) measurements by enhancing or diminishing the analytical signal or the background. These interferences can be grouped into three main categories: spectral interference, chemical interference, and physical interference.
Spectral interference occurs when signals from other elements or molecules overlap with the analyte signal, falsely elevating or masking the analyte's absorbance. This interference can be corrected using Zeeman,...
Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference01:30

Atomic Emission Spectroscopy: Interference

In atomic emission spectroscopy (AES), high-temperature atomizers excite a broad range of elements and molecules that generate complex emissions from sources such as oxides, hydroxides, and flame combustion products in the flame or plasma. Several strategies can be employed to minimize spectral interferences caused by overlapping emission lines or bands. These include increasing instrument resolution, choosing alternative emission lines, optimally placing the detector in low-background regions,...
Interference and Superposition of Waves01:07

Interference and Superposition of Waves

When two waves of the same nature occur in the same region simultaneously, they result in interference. Interference of waves implies that the net effect of the waves is the sum of the individual waves' effects. However, it does not imply that the individual waves affect the propagation of other waves.
Interference occurs in mechanical waves, such as sound waves, waves on a string, and surface water waves. Mechanical waves correspond to the physical displacement of particles. Hence,...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 4, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry

Published on: August 12, 2013

Interference fringes in multiple Bragg-Laue mode.

Tomoe Fukamachi1, Kenji Hirano, Riichirou Negishi

  • 1Saitama Institute of Technology, 1690 Fusaiji, Fukaya, Saitama 369-0293, Japan. tomoe@sit.ac.jp

Acta Crystallographica. Section A, Foundations of Crystallography
|February 18, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Interference fringe patterns in X-ray diffraction were studied in silicon crystals. Fringe periods varied with crystal thickness and X-ray incidence, explained by dynamical diffraction theory.

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Writing Bragg Gratings in Multicore Fibers
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Last Updated: Jun 4, 2026

The Generation of Higher-order Laguerre-Gauss Optical Beams for High-precision Interferometry
12:14

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Published on: August 12, 2013

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Published on: April 20, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Crystallography

Background:

  • X-ray diffraction is a key technique for analyzing crystal structures.
  • Understanding interference phenomena in X-ray diffraction is crucial for advanced materials characterization.
  • Dynamical diffraction theory describes wave propagation in perfect crystals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate interference fringe formation in multiple Bragg-Laue mode X-ray diffraction.
  • To analyze the influence of crystal thickness and X-ray incident geometry on fringe patterns.
  • To validate dynamical diffraction theory in explaining observed fringe variations.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental measurement of interference fringes from silicon crystals of varying thickness.
  • Systematic variation of the distance (L) between X-ray incidence and crystal edge.
  • Application of dynamical diffraction theory to model beam interactions and interference.

Main Results:

  • Interference fringe period increased with larger L or smaller crystal thickness (H).
  • A secondary, shorter oscillation period emerged for L/H ratios greater than 15.
  • Calculated fringes, considering visibility and higher-order beams, closely matched experimental data.

Conclusions:

  • Observed fringe variations are well-explained by multiple Bragg-Laue modes and dynamical diffraction.
  • The interplay between Bragg-Laue and Bragg-Bragg-Laue modes governs fringe behavior for L/H < 15.
  • Higher-order Bragg-Laue modes contribute to the short oscillation periods seen at L/H > 15.