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Updated: Jun 4, 2026
A Rat Dry Eye Model with Lacrimal Gland Dysfunction Induced by Scopolamine
Published on: February 9, 2024
Gypenoside TN-2 ameliorates scopolamine-induced learning deficit in mice
Sung-Woon Hong1, Jeong-Hwa Yang, Eun-Ha Joh
1Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Hoeki-dong, Dongdaemoon-ku, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
Ethnopharmacological Relevance:
Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino (GP, family Cucurbitaceae), which contains dammarane saponins as its main constituents, is used in China, Japan, and Korea as a traditional medicine to treat cancer, obesity, arteriosclerosis, asthma and senility.
Aim Of The Study:
To investigate the memory-enhancing effects of GP, Gypenoside TN-2 (TN-2) was isolated by activity-guided fractionation and administered to scopolamine-induced memory-deficient mice.
Materials And Methods:
The memory-enhancing effects of TN-2 were evaluated using passive avoidance, Y-maze, and Morris water maze tests, and the protein expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), cAMP element binding protein (CREB), and p-CREB were determined by immunoblotting.
Results:
TN-2 inhibited memory and learning deficits in scopolamine treated mice in the passive avoidance test. TN-2 (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited memory and learning deficits in the passive avoidance test by 40%, 96% and 78%, respectively, and exhibited significant memory-enhancing effects on the Y-maze test and the Morris water maze test. TN-2 also markedly increased BNDF expression and activated the transcription factor CREB in the hippocampi of scopolamine-treated mice.
Conclusions:
TN-2 may ameliorate memory and learning deficits by activating the CREB-BDNF pathway.
